Did Cornelis Over de Linden hide something?

Cornelis Over de Linden (1811-1874)

In various reports of how he had obtained the manuscript (MS),(1) Cornelis Over de Linden claims to have been given them as a surprise by his aunt Aafje in 1848, when he visited her in Enkhuizen. This is in conflict with two witness accounts, which may have been a reason to doubt his overall credibility. In this post I will first explain the conflicting accounts and then reconstruct a more credible version of what really happened.

Conflicting accounts

1. Jacob Munnik (husband of Cornelis' stepdaughter: Plate 1) reported in 1876 that he had joined Cornelis in an earlier failed attempt to obtain the MS in 1845.(2) This suggests that Cornelis did know about the manuscript earlier, and actively had tried to obtain it.

2. Hajo Last* (Plate 3 and 4) wrote in 1934(3) that his colleague carpenter Hein Kofman (Plate 2) had told him that Cornelis had stolen the MS from his mother, Cornelis' cousin, Kee Kofman-Reuvers, who indeed lived in the house where earlier her mother Aafje Reuvers-Over de Linden lived, which had also been (near?) the house of Cornelis' grandfather Andries Over de Linden (Oude or Nieuwe Rietdijk, Enkhuizen - Plate 5). Since Kofman was born in 1853 - five years after Cornelis obtained it - he cannot have witnessed the stealing himself, but will probably have heard this from his mother. If Cornelis had spoken the full truth (that his aunt Aafje had voluntarily given to him), or if he had altogether lied and the MS would be a forgery, this account would not make any sense.
* [For genealogy Last, see below]

Reconstruction of what happened

To prevent the MS from falling in the wrong hands, its keeper would only initiate a very limited number of people. Only people that he deemed trustworthy would be explained the content, perhaps even taught the script and language. What was more openly talked about though, was the ancient or noble Frisian descent. Grandfather Andries Over de Linden (1759-1820) would have told Cornelis (1811-1874) about this when the latter was still a child. Cornelis' father Jan (1785-1835) is witnessed (by Cornelis Wijs in 1876) to have talked like that in 1831.

Andries may have intended to initiate his grandson when the latter was old enough and if he was serious and intelligent enough, but this never happened as the child was only 9 years old when his grandfather died. Instead, he will have initiated his future son in law, Hendrik Reuvers (1796-1845), who already had a child with Aafje Over de Linden, Andries' youngest daughter, who lived with her parents and would stay living in the parental house after their death. This child was Cornelia or 'Kee', born in 1818, named after Hendrik's mother and officially accepted as his daughter at the marriage of Aafje and Hendrik in 1821. (Having children before marriage happened significantly often in the whole extended family, as I have discovered studying the genealogy or 'parenteel'.)

Hendrik may well have been a friend of the family even before he became the fiance of Aafje. At the very last he must have known Aafje from December 1817, when she became pregnant of Cornelia. Andries died April 1820. This (or longer) would have been enough time to initiate Hendrik.

Hendrik may have intended to initiate his nephew Cornelis, but the latter left Enkhuizen, probably long before he got married in 1833 and may later not have had the right attitude for it (yet). Perhaps Hendrik once tried to introduce the topic, with the result that Cornelis insisted on immediately taking the MS with him (being an Over de Linden, while Reuvers was not), which would have resulted in a quarrel after which they no longer talked and Cornelis would have to wait till Hendrik's death (1845) before he would try once more to get hold of the MS. This would be in agreement with Cornelis' account, where he states that his uncle would not allow him to have it.

However, Hendrik did have the opportunity to initiate both his son Andries Reuvers (1820-1857), married to the Frisian Siebregtje Schanstra in 1843, and his son in law Rijkent Kofman (1820-1861), married to Kee Reuvers (1818-1878), see Plate 6. The Kofman family took over the parental house and their youngest son Hein Kofman (1853-1933) would later have claimed that Cornelis had stolen the MS. Remarkably, their eldest son Jacob Kofman (1843-1911) would later become clergyman of the Apostolic church in Enkhuizen, while their youngest daughter Catharina Kofman (1875-1913) would marry an Over de Linden (from another branch than that of Cornelis) in 1898. Hardly coincidentally, so would Neeltje de Jong (1898-?), a great-granddaughter of Andries Reuvers (Plate 7).

The Reuvers and Kofman families may have decided not to attract any public attention and not to accuse Cornelis of anything. Note that Hajo Last only wrote the newspaper shortly after Hein Kofman (who had told him about the MS having been stolen) had died. He may have kept this secret but not wanted to take it into his grave himself.

All this would explain the inconsistencies and suspicious details in Cornelis' account of how he got the MS in his possession. Also, if the missing pages still exist, this post might provide some helpful clues to answer the question: who may have had them and where could they be now?

Plate 1: relationship between Cornelis Over de Linden and Jacob Munnik

Plate 2: relationship between Cornelis Over de Linden and Hein Kofman

Plate 3: explaining possible relationship between Anna Goemaat and Hajo Last (see appendix below for details)

Plate 4: Hajo Last and his father in 1874 report death of Anna Goemaat, mother of Cornelis Over de Linden

Plate 5: Oude and Nieuwe Rietdijk in Enkhuizen, where Over de Linden, Reuvers and Kofman families lived respectively

Plate 6: From Over de Linden to Reuvers to Kofman and back to Over de Linden (source)

Plate 7: Two descendants of 'aunt Aafje' and Hendrik Reuvers marry back into the Over de Linden family (genealogy).

- - - - references - - - -
(1) Jensma, Goffe, De Gemaskerde God (2004) pp. 236-241.
(2) Beckering Vinckers, J., Wie heeft het Oera-Linda-Boek geschreven (1876) pp. 31-32.
(3) Enkhuizer Courant (letter to the editor) 9-1-1934, paraphrased in Molenaar, E. Het Geheimzinnige Handschrift van de Familie Over de Linden (1949) p. 11.


Further research:
2019, Oct. 22 "1934 letter by Hajo Last"
2019, Nov. 18 "Kofman-Greiner Family"
2019, Nov. 22 "The Over de Linden-Kofman marriage"


- - - - appendix: Last and Goemaat families- - - - 

Genealogy Goemaat (in Dutch): see blogpost

Notes on Speeleveld Last family (in Dutch):

(I) Klaas Speeleveld, geb. 1748 Vlaardingen, ovl. 11-2-1825 Enkhuizen;
geh.
Magteltje/Magdalena van Galen, geb. 1752 Vlaardingen, ovl. 23-6-1827 Enkhuizen.
Kinderen:

1. Metje Speeleveld, ged. 15-5-1785 Vlaardingen ==>> zie (II)
2. Hendrik van Galen Speeleveld, geb. 1786, ovl. 24-2-1814 Enkhuizen
3. Anna Speeleveld, geb. 1790 Vlaardingen, ovl. 16-4-1860 Enkhuizen; geh. 21-5-1815 Enkhuizen Johannes Horneer, geb. 1784 Gorinchem, ovl. 18-10-1856 Enkhuizen, chirurgijn, z.v. Arie Horneer en Johanna Margaretha Bax
4. Maria Speeleveld, geb. 1796 Vlaardingen, ovl. 11-7-1865 Enkhuizen

= = =

(II) Aldert Last, geb. 21-2-1788 Enkhuizen, ovl. 20-2-1876 Enkhuizen, z.v. Jan Aldertsz Last en Geertje Harmens van den Berg;
geh. 21-5-1815 Enkhuizen
Metje Speeleveld, ged. 15-5-1785 Vlaardingen, ovl. 11-4-1842 Enkhuizen, d.v. Klaas Speeleveld en Magteltje van Galen
Kinderen:

1. Jan Last, geb. 1816 Enkhuizen, ovl. 19-5-1886 Enkhuizen, koperslager; geh. (1) 7-6-1840 Enkhuizen Albertje Ossen, geb. 1814 Enkhuizen, ovl. 27-3-1841 Enkhuizen, d.v. Albert Ossen en Pietertje Degelink; geh. (2) 27-8-1843 Enkhuizen Hijlkje Atsma, geb. 1812 Enkhuizen, ovl. 23-5-1899 Enkhuizen, dienstbode, d.v. Hijlke Harmens Atsma en Geertje Dirks Faber.
2. Klaas Speeleveld Last, geb. 17-8-1817 Enkhuizen ==>> zie (III)
3. Hendrik van Galen Last, geb. 1819 Enkhuizen, ovl. 23-8-1896 Muiden; geh. (1) 18-7-1842 Terschelling Anna Margreta Kleersnijder, geb. 1820 Menkeweer, d.v. Sikko Kleersnijder en Elizabeth Jacobs Boelens; geh. (2) 28-8-1853 Muiden Eppie Jansje van der Weijden, geb. 1830 Muiden, ovl. 9-2-1898 Muiden, dienstbode, d.v. Lucas van der Weijden en Trijntje Waasdorp.
4. Geertje Last, geb. 1820 Enkhuizen; geh. 10-5-1855 Enkhuizen Jan Fredrik Drughorn, geb. 1816 Amsterdam, turfkoper, z.v. Hendrik Drughorn en Kuntje Spijker, wedr. Kaatje Compas.
5. Magdalena Last, geb. 1822 Enkhuizen, ovl. 1-3-1890 Enkhuizen.
6. Margrieta Last, geb. 1824 Enkhuizen, ovl. 25-3-1883 Enkhuizen.

= = =

(III) Klaas Speeleveld Last, geb. 17-8-1817 Enkhuizen, ovl. 19-10-1892 Enkhuizen, metselaar, z.v. Aldert Last en Metje Speeleveld, won. Vijzelstraat i.i.g. 1846 en Breedstraat i.i.g. 1848, 1850, 1852, 1855, 1860;
geh. 20-5-1838 Enkhuizen
Antje Solkes(z), geb. 8-5-1814 Enkhuizen, ovl. 24-12-1903 Enkhuizen, d.v. Solke Hajosz en Klaasje de Vries
Kinderen:

1. Klaasje Last, born 1839 Enkhuizen, ovl. 23-8-1922 Enkhuizen; geh. 3-5-1866 Enkhuizen Jan Bloemendaal, geb. 1842 Enkhuizen, kuiper, z.v. Maarten Bloemendaal en Willemijntje de Wit. 
2. Metje Last, born 1839 Enkhuizen, ovl. 4-11-1916 Enkhuizen; geh. 21-9-1871 Enkhuizen Jan Gerrit Geus, geb. 1840 Amsterdam, ovl. 17-1-1915 Enkhuizen, kantoorbediende, z.v. Johannes Geus en Alijda Dingel.
   
3. Aldert Last, born 1842 Enkhuizen, ovl. 14-9-1923 Enkhuizen, metselaar: geh. 1-6-1865 Enkhuizen Maria Karemaker, born 1840 Enkhuizen, ovl. 6-9-1914 Enkhuizen, d.v. Rijkent Karemaker en Kaatje Compas. 
4. Solke Last, born 9?-5-1844 Enkhuizen, ovl. 11-5-1937 Bussum, timmerman; geh. 30-9-1870 Haarlemmermeer Isa Jacoba van Opstall, geb. 1847 Hooge en Lage Zwaluwe, ovl. 29-4-1923 Schoten, d.v. Jacobus Marinus van Opstall en Maria Wesdijk.
5. (Hajo, born 14-3-1846 and ovl. 13-5-1847 Enkhuizen)
6. Geertje Last, geb. 7-4-1848 Enkhuizen, ovl. 2-11-1922 Enkhuizen.
   
7. Hajo Last, geb. 17-2-1850 Enkhuizen ==>> zie (IV)
8. Dirk Last, geb. 10-3-1852 Enkhuizen, metselaar; geh. 20-5-1878 Enkhuizen Hilligje Vos, geb. 1851 Meppel, ovl. 13-1-1931 Bussum, d.v. Klaas Vos en Lamberta Molenaar.
9. Johanna Katharina Cornelia Last, geb. 19-9-1855 Enkhuizen, ovl. 14-7-1936 Bloemendaal; geh. 27-11-1879 Amsterdam Pieter Elias van der Werff, geb. 1845 Bloemendaal, ovl. 31-8-1916 Bloemendaal, tuinier, z.v. Gerrit van der Werff en Maria Paust.
10. Jan Last, geb. 14-9-1860 Enkhuizen (aangifte Adrianus en Bartholdus Over de Linden), timmerman; geh. 17-2-1886 Amsterdam Johanna de Boo, geb. 1864 Haarlemmermeer, dienstbode, d.v. Willem de Boo en Bastiaantje Bestman.

= = =

(IV) Hajo Last, geb. 17-2-1850 Enkhuizen, ovl. 15-7-1938 Bussum, timmerman (NB nam in 1876 huis over van wijlen Adrianus Over de Linden en Petronella Heiman);
geh. 3-8-1876 Enkhuizen
Elisabeth Duijvensz, geb. 8-6-1852 Enkhuizen, ovl. 7-8-1929 Enkhuizen, d.v. Cornelis Duijvensz en Jansje Lodewijks
Kinderen:

1. Klaas Last, geb. 19-8-1878, vertr. naar Amsterdam 1896
2. Cornelis Last, 29-3-1880
3. Aldert Jan Last, geb. 9-7-1882
4. (Johan Lodewijk, geb. 1885 en ovl. 20-3-1886 Enkhuizen)
5. (Cornelia Johanna, geb. 23-10-1887 en ovl. 10-3-1902 Enkhuizen)
6. Johan Last, geb. 2-8-1889 Enkhuizen, meubelmaker; geh. 12-5-1921 Amsterdam Hendrika Catharina Hofman, geb. 1890 Amsterdam, d.v. Johannes Hofman en Maria van Eersel
7. Hajo Last, geb. 19-2-1894 Enkhuizen, kantoorbediende; geh. 11-12-1919 Amsterdam Roelofje Schilstra, geb. 1900 Amsterdam, d.v. Ale Schilstra en Hielkje Jager

Oera Linda on Red Ice TV

to watch the video go here

Henrik Palmgren from Red Ice TV speaks with Dr. Siobhán Higgins-Welter and Jan Ott about the Oera Linda-book (2018). For earlier Red Ice interview (2016), see here.

References (more may be listed later):

0:04:30 Similar mythic history of the Irish people: Leabhar Gabhála (or: Lebor Gabála Érenn).

 0:36:30 Wheel remains  in Römisch-Germanische Museum in Köln (Cologne).

 0:52:20 Paper waterlines in 12th century Arab-Spanish paper as compared to those in OLB paper.

 1:23:00 Dares Freson in "Story of England" by Robert Mannyng of Brunne, 1338 CE.

(add video time) Neptune and "nephew"varieties in other languages: blog post

Genealogy Goemaat

The mother of Cornelis over de Linden was Anna Goemaat (1784-1874). This is the genealogy of her family (Dutch).

Vlaardingen ca. 1670 (crop) - source

(I) Cornelis

zoon:

1. Arij Goemaat ==>> (II)

(II) Arij Cornelisz Goemaat, geb. Ooltgensplaat, begr. 12-1690 Vlaardingen, schipper, poorter Vlaardingen 13-5-1649;
tr.
Ariaentge Huijgens,
Kinderen:

1. Arie Arijensz, ged. 6-10-1647 Vlaardingen
2. Commertge Goemaat, ged. 29-8-1649 Vlaardingen, begr. 1-1728 Vlaardingen; tr. Abraham Arentsz (den) Draeck => (2 knd.)
3. Maertge Goemaat, geb. ca. 1651, begr. 7-1693 Vlaardingen; otr. 20-10-1674 Vlaardingen Huich Peijensz Zeeman => (7 knd.)
4. Huijgh Goemaat, geb. ca. 1653; otr. 29-8-1677 Vlaardingen Annetje Jans van Bremen, 
5. Cornelis Goemaat, geb. ca. 1655 ==>> (III)
6. Abram Goemaat, ged. 8-2-1662 Vlaardingen, begr. 9-1717 Vlaardingen, schipper, hoofdman schippersgilde (1694-1698)

(III) Cornelis Arijensz Goemaat, geb. ca. 1655, begr. 6-1713 Vlaardingen, voogd 1686 over kind van zus Commertje en 1692 over 4 knd. van zus Maertje;
otr. 1678 Vlaardingen
Maertje Laurens, begr. 3-1724 Vlaardingen.
Kinderen (5, tussen 1681 en 1689):

1. (Pieter, ged. 27-8-1681 Vlaardingen)
2. Neeltje, ged. 18-8-1683 Vlaardingen
3. Jannetje, ged. 10-10-1685 Vlaardingen
4. (Pieter, ged. 24-11-1686 Vlaardingen)
5. Pieter Goemaat, ged. 23-2-1689 Vlaardingen ==>> (IV)

(IV) Pieter Cornelisz Goemaat, ged. 23-2-1689 Vlaardingen, begr. 8-1747 Vlaardingen;
otr. 6-5-1719 Vlaardingen
Barber Jans Voshol/ Fasol, ged. 22-7-1696 Vlaardingen, d.v. Jan Doens Voshol en Maria Jans van Aedt (meer voorouders bekend);
Kinderen (8, tussen 1720 en 1736):

1. Maria/ Marijtje Goemaat, ged. 17-1-1720 Vlaardingen, ovl. na 1792; otr. 26-7-1749 Vlaardingen Hannes Batram/ Johannes Baerterham/ Bateram/ Boterham/ Baaterom,(dochter Cornelia, ged. 11-4-1765 Rotterdam, get. Cornelia Goemaat; tr. (1) 24-6-1788 Rotterdam ("Bateram") Cornelis van Dijk; tr. (2) 1-4-1793 Rotterdam Cors Besemer)
2. Neeltje, ged. 12-10-1721 Vlaardingen
3. (Kornelis, ged. 7-2-1723 Vlaardingen)
4. (Jan, ged. 24-12-1724 Vlaardingen)
5. Cornelia Goemaat, ged. 5-3-1727 Vlaardingen, doopgetuige in 1779
6. Jannetje Goemaat, ged. 17-9-1730 Vlaardingen; otr. 9-5-1760 Vlaardingen Abraham Verhel,
7. Jan, ged. 13-6-1734 Vlaardingen
8. Cornelis Pietersz. Goemaat, ged. 26-8-1736 Vlaardingen ==>> (V.8)

Vlaardingen ca. 1780 (crop) - source

(V.8) Cornelis Pietersz. Goemaat, ged. 26-8-1736 Vlaardingen, ovl. 11-6-1808 Enkhuizen (Noorderhavendijk, 72 jaar), z.v. Pieter Cornelisz Goemaat en Barber Jans Voshol;
tr. 1-4-1771 Vlaardingen (jm/jd)
Lena Romers/ Elena Roemers, geb. 1747, ovl. 20-1-1809 Enkhuizen (impost 26-1, Noorder Havendijk, 61 jaar).
Kinderen:

1. Barbara Goemaat, ged. 15-12-1771 Vlaardingen==>> (VI.1)
2. Maria, ged. 27-6-1773 Vlaardingen (get. "Lena en Cornelis Goemaat")
3. (Maggiel, geb. 19-7-1775 Vlaardingen (get. Pieternella van Ees? en Maartje van der Pijl)
4. Maghiel Goemaat/ Michiel Goedmaat, ged. 13-10-1776 Vlaardingen (get. Pieternella van Es) ==>> (VI.4)
5. Jannetje Goemaat, ged. 8-8-1779 Vlaardingen (get. Abraham Verhel en Cornelia Goemaat) ==>> (VI.5)
6. Pieter Goemaat/Goedmaat, ged. 30-12-1781 Vlaardingen (get. Pieternella van Es) ==>> (VI.6)
7. Anna Goemaat, ged. 27-8-1784 Enkhuizen get. Japikje Landmans, ovl. 26-11-1874 Enkhuizen; tr. 11-5-1806 Enkhuizen Jan Over de Linden (1785-1835) => (zie parenteel Jan over de Linden)
8. (levenloos geboren kind, begr. 4-11-1788 Enkhuizen; impost 3:-:-, Noorderhavendijk)

=== generatie 6 (tante en oom van Cornelis)


(VI.1) Barbara Goemaat, ged. 15-12-1771 Vlaardingen, ovl. 20-8-1819 Cillaarshoek, tapster;
tr. (1) 6-2-1803 Vlaardingen
Jean de Lannoij/ Lannooij, ged. 26-5-1776 Vlaardingen, ovl. 29-3-1811 (begr. 2-4) Vlaardingen, arbeider, zeeman, kuiper, z.v. Jean Jacques de Lannoij en Willemina van der Linde;
tr. (2) 26-6-1816 Vlaardingen  
Hendrick Joannes Odijk, ged. 2-1-1773 Vlaardingen, zeeman, kuiper, z.v. Jasper Dircksz Odijk en Cornelia Willems van der Beek
Kinderen uit (1):

1. Jan, ged. 17-7-1803 Vlaardingen
2. (Leena, ged. 20-1-1805 Vlaardingen, ovl. 11-7-1820 Vlaardingen)
3. (Cornelis, ged. 14-9-1806 en begr. 19-5-1807 Vlaardingen)
4. Willemina de Lannooij, ged. 3-4-1808 Vlaardingen, lidm. 1825, vertr. met att. naar Den Helder 1829 (aldaar in bev. reg. 1830: dienstmeid v.e. Joodse koopman Jochem Manheim).
5. (Kornelis, ged. 8-4-1810 en ovl. 18-1-1812 Vlaardingen)
6. Jannetje de Lannooij, ged. 28-7-1811 Vlaardingen ==>> (VII.1.6)

(VI.4) Michiel/Maghiel Goemaat/Goedmaat, ged. 13-10-1776 Vlaardingen, ovl. 17-5-1846 Enkhuizen, visser;
tr.  (1) 14-6-1801 (jm/jd) Enkhuizen Jantje Hendriks (van der) Veen, afk. uit Enkhuizen;
tr. (2) 23-5-1819 Enkhuizen Pietertje Boot, geb. 1799 Enkhuizen, d.v. Barend Boot en Aaltje Pieters, wed. N.N.
Kinderen (1 t/m 3 uit 1e):

1. Lena, ged. 8-11-1801 Enkhuizen get. Willempje Koops
2. Hendrik, ged. 13-7-1804 Enkhuizen get. Ietske Damstra
3. Grietje, ged. 2-11-1806 Enkhuizen
4. Cornelis Goemaat/Goedmaat, geb. 1820 Enkhuizen, ovl. 14-5-1859 Soerabaija (In militair hospitaal. Behorende tot Z.M. stoomschip "Amsterdam"); tr. 24-10-1855 Rotterdam Carolina Blom, geb. 14-12-1828 Rotterdam, ovl. 27-12-1905 Rotterdam, d.v. Arie Blom en Heiltje Pieterse, hertr. 14-3-1860 Rotterdam Johannes Jacobus Stolk
5. Theunisje Goemaat, geb. 12-7-1831 Enkhuizen => (VII.3.2)

(VI.5) Jannetje Goemaat, ged. (als "Jannetje Pieters") 8-8-1779 Vlaardingen, ovl. 5-8-1838 Vlaardingen, nettenbreister;
tr. 29-8-1802 (jm/jd) Enkhuizen
Johan/Jan Sentelaar/ Sentler (zoon Hendrik, ged. 23-2-1803 Enkhuizen (geb. 18-2), get. Geertje Mes), militair.
Geen kinderen bekend


(VI.6) Pieter Goemaat/Goedmaat, ged. 30-12-1781 Vlaardingen, ovl. 21-3-1871 Enkhuizen, visser;
tr. (1) 15-10-1809 Enkhuizen (jm/jd)  
Sijtje de Ringh, geb. 1789 Enkhuizen, ovl. 17-1-1843 Enkhuizen, d.v. Hendrik de Ringh en Janke Cornelis;
tr. (2) 26-11-1843 Enkhuizen  
Zwaantje de Bree, geb. 1806 Enkhuizen, ovl. 29-6-1867 Enkhuizen*, werkster, d.v. Gerrit de Bree en Reijnoutje Sent, wed. Thijs Geerdink (*aang. Jan over de Linden, stadsbode)
Geen kinderen bekend


=== generatie7 (volle nichten van Cornelis over de Linden)

19th century traditional garment of
Vlaardingen and Maassluis - source

(VII.1.6) Jannetje de Lannooij, ged. 28-7-1811 Vlaardingen, ovl. 9-5-1894 Rotterdam, lidm. 1829, vertr. met att. naar Amsterdam 1837, dienstbode;
tr. 11-8-1833 Enkhuizen
Wouter Bakker, geb. 1813 Enkhuizen, ovl. 11-11-1862 Rotterdam, dagloner, z.v. Luit Woutersz Bakker en Harmijntje Kwaad
Kinderen (Nieuwer Amstel, Rotterdam):

1. (Barbara, geb. 1837 en ovl. 11-3-1838 Nieuwer-Amstel)
2. (Hermiena, geb. 1838 of 1839 en ovl. 1-1-1841 Nieuwer-Amstel)
3. Jannetje Bakker, geb. 1-8-1844 Rotterdam, ovl. 18-2-1922 Rotterdam
4. (Barbera, geb. 5-10-1846 en ovl. 15-4-1849 Rotterdam)
5. (Harmijntje, geb. 6-1-1849 en ovl. 5-4-1849 Rotterdam)
6. Wouter Bakker, geb. 16-12-1849 Rotterdam; tr. 30-10-1872 Rotterdam Amerentia Alida van Staveren, geb. 1845 Rotterdam, ovl. 10-7-1898 Rotterdam, d.v. Christiaan van Staveren en Hendrina Cruijssifix (div. knd.)
7. (Luijt Wouter, geb. 1-7-1852 en ovl. 6-10-1854 Rotterdam)
8. Cornelis Bakker, geb. 19-1-1855 Rotterdam, ovl. 8-5-1922 Rotterdam; tr. 7-11-1877 Rotterdam Maria Zappeij, geb. 1855 Rotterdam, ovl. 22-12-1927 Rotterdam, d.v. Christiaan Willem Zappeij en Helena Maria van Platerink (div. knd.)

- - - nichten

(VII.3.2) Theunisje Goemaat, geb. 12-7-1831 Enkhuizen, ovl. 5-5-1886 Arnhem, won. Den Helder (1861), Texel (1863), beroep: 'binnenmoeder' (1886);
tr. (1) 4-9-1851 Den Helder
Willem de Vroome, geb. 14-3-1827 West-Graftdijk, ovl. 19-2-1880 Den Helder, Werkman, z.v. Willem de Vroome en Matje Honig;
tr. (2) 24-2-1881 Den Helder
Simon Bakker, geb. 5-4-1828 Texel, kleermaker, z.v. Klaas Bakker en Hendrikje Boon, wedr. Catharina Agatha Kramer
Geen kinderen bekend

BUFLE: aurochs or wisents? ~ and: cow, bull, cattle, ox

Aurochs male (left) and female (right) reconstruction

At least till ca. 600 CE, aurochs still lived in what is now the Netherlands (source).

In his "Commentaries on the Gallic War" (chapter 6.28) of ca. 50 BCE, Julius Caesar wrote (translation W.A. MacDevitt 1915):

There is a third kind, consisting of those animals which are called uri. These are a little below the elephant in size, and of the appearance, colour, and shape of a bull. Their strength and speed are extraordinary; they spare neither man nor wild beast which they have espied. These the Germans take with much pains in pits and kill them. The young men harden themselves with this exercise, and practice themselves in this kind of hunting, and those who have slain the greatest number of them, having produced the horns in public, to serve as evidence, receive great praise. But not even when taken very young can they be rendered familiar to men and tamed. The size, shape, and appearance of their horns differ much from the horns of our oxen. These they anxiously seek after, and bind at the tips with silver, and use as cups at their most sumptuous entertainments.

Adel with drinking horn (in Winsemius 1622)

The modern English 'buffalo' has a different, more specific meaning than the old Dutch/German word, which will have referred to (wild?) bovines in general: aurochs or wisents (European bison)?

"Buffel" ca. 1600 (source)

"Bufalo" by Albrecht Dürer ca. 1560 (source)

Below the most relevant fragments concerning both domesticated and wild bovines are listed. Particularly, nrs. 9 and 11 are interesting in relation to Caesar's report about the 'uri'.

words and fragment numbers (modern cognates, see below)

Stier van het Noordhollandse
veeslag; Stier van het Friese
veeslag (kleigronden); Groningse
witkopkoe (Hunsegoër slag)
Winkler Prins 1910

BUFLA (aurochs, bisons or oxen: plur.) - 11
BUFLE (aurochs or bison: sing. and plur.) - 10,12
BUHL (bull) - 8
FJA (cattle) - 2,4,5,7
KV, KY (cow, cows) - 1,13,15,16
KVIK* (animals, cattle) - 3
(*there are 11 other fragments where KWIK means animals in general, and 1 where it means quick)
JOK.OXE (yoke-ox) - 9
OXA (oxes) - 14
SKET* (neat, cattle) - 6
(*SKÀT is used several times for treasure, riches)

fragments in the Oera Linda-book, with provisional translations

1 [003/02] Adela’s Advice
VRLOVANDE.RA KY MITH GOLDEN HORNA
and promised them mountains of gold [lit.: ‘cows with golden horns’ (expression)]

2 [003/24] Adela’s Advice
THÀNK ÍNES. THÉR WAS HÍR WÉSEN EN HÀRDE LVNG.SÍAKTE AMONG.ETH FJA
ÀND THÀT.ER THÉR JETA ÀRG WDE. 
SKOLDE J.ETH THÀN WEL WÁGJA
VMBE JVW HÉLENA FJA TO FARANDE AMONG HJARA SÍAKA FJA. 
ÀMMER NÀ.
Imagine if our cattle had been plagued by a serious lung disease,
which was still raging badly there. 
Would you then risk
mixing your healthy animals with their sick ones? 
Surely not!

3 [013/03] Frya’s Tex
HWAND ALDULKERA GÀRS SKOLDE JVW DJAROSTA KVIK DÉJA.
for such grass would kill your most precious cattle.

4 [021/10] General Laws
IS THÉR ÀNMAN ALSA ÀRG THAT.ER SJVCHT.SIAK FJA
JEFTHA VRDÉREN WÉR VRSELLATH VR HÉL GOD.
If any man is so bad that he sells diseased cattle
or damaged goods as sound,

5 [052/15] Magyars and Finns
HJA BOGADON VP VSA TÁL ÀND SÉDUM. VP VS FJA ÀND VPPA VS ÍSERE WÉPNE.
They praised our language and customs, our cattle and iron weapons,

6 [054/19] Wodin and the Magus
SÁ SKILUN THA WILDA SKET.HÀRDAR KÉMON ÀND VS ALGÁDUR VRDVA.
the wild herdsmen [lit.: cattle herds] will come and kill us off completely.

7 [064/30] The War of Kelta and Minerva
IVIN AS AL VS FJA THÀT LÀSTEN STURVEN IS.
just like all our cattle that died lately.

8 [068/15] Kelta and the Gols
LIK EN BUHL BY THÉRE NÔSE OMME LÉID.
led about like a bull with a ring in his nose.

 

9 [086/17] Death of the Magus
MEN THENE SKIPER EN ÀFTE FRYA.S ÀND STERIK LIK EN JOK.OXE
but the sailor, a true Frya, strong as an ox,


10 [094/15] Death of Adela
EN JUNGE SAXMÀN BIRÉD EN WILDE BUFLE THÉRER SELVA FENSEN HÉDE ÀND TÀMAD.
A young Saxman rode a wild aurochs that he had caught and tamed.

11 [107/10] Apollania’s Burg
TOJENST THA DIK BY.T HUS THÉR FÁM STÉT THJU OWNE
AND ÀND MOL.MÁK THRVCH FJUWER BUFLA KRODEN. 
At the dyke near the burgmaiden's home are the oven
and a treadmill for making flour, worked by four oxen.

12 [112/10] Apollania’s Journey
HO FÉLO BUFLE HÀST AL FÀNSEN ÀND HO FÉLO BÁRA
ÀND WOLVA HUDA HÀST AL VPPA THÉRE MÀRK BROCHT.
How many aurochs have you caught and how many bear
and wolf skins have you brought to the market?

13 [117/14] Frethorik: Fryasland Swamped
FON.A BOPPA LÁNDUM KÁPADE MÀN KY ÀND SKÉP
 Cows and sheep were purchased in the upper lands

14 [134/27] Hellenia: Princes and Priests
LIK OXA WRDON HJA VNDER ET JUK BROCHT.
Like oxen they were brought under the yoke.

15 [160/26] Gosa: Purity of Language
THÉRTHRVCH MÉI THAT ÉNE FOLK THÀT ÔRE FOLK ÉVIN MIN FORSTÁN
AS THJU KV THENE HVND ÀND THI WOLF THÀT SKÉP. 
so that one folk can understand another folk just as little
as the cow the dog, or the wolf the sheep. 

16 [166/20] Liudgeart: Pangab Report
THA GRÁTESTE KENNATH EN ÉLE KV VRSLYNNA. 
The largest can swallow a whole cow,

~ ~ ~ 

Some modern cognates

buffalo - English
buffel - Dutch
Büffel - German
bøffel - Danish
bœuf - French
bue - Italian
buey - Spanish
boi - Portuguese, Catalan
bòie - Corsican

bull - English
Bulle - German
bulle - French
bul - Dutch, Afrikaans
bulla - Swedish
bolle - Frisian
bolla - Italian
bullis - Latvian

ox - English
os - Dutch, Afrikaans
Ochse - German
oxe - Swedish
okse - Norse, Danish, Frisian
uxa - Icelandic
och - Welsh

Vieh - German
vee - Dutch
fee - Frisian

cow - English
Kuh - German
koe - Dutch
koei - Afrikaans
ko - Danish, Swedish, Frisian
ku - Norse
kýr - Icelandic

WÉRHÉD ~ truth

'Truth coming from the well armed
with her whip to chastise mankind'
by Jean-Léon Gérôme (1896)

Wahrheit - German
waarheid - Dutch, Afrikaans
wierheid - Frisian
Wourecht - Luxembourgian
gwirionedd - Welsh
vérité - French
verità - Italian, Corsican
veritat - Catalan
verdad - Spanish
verdade - Portuguese
(veritas - Latin)

(The Scandinavian words for 'truth' are related to English: sound, German: gesund, Dutch: gezond)
sandhed - Danish
sannhet - Norse
sanning - Swedish
sannleikur - Icelandic

Oera Linda fragments with my provisional translations:

[118/20] Gosa: Expulsion of Blacks
NW WINSTIK WEL THÀT MINA ÀFTERKVMANDA THÉRVP LETTA.
HO FÉR GOSA WÉRHÉD SPREK.
I hope my descendants will ascertain
to what extent Gosa was right [lit.: spoke truth].

[140/18] Yesus or Buda, Krisen, Fo
MEN AS THA PRESTERA SKILUN WÁNA
THÀT HJA ALLET LJUCHT FON FRYA ÀND FON JES.US LÉRE UTDÁVATH HÀVA.
SÁ SKILUN THÉR IN ALLE WRDA MÀNNISKA VPSTONDA
THAM WÉRHÉD IN STILNISE AMONG EKKORUM WARATH
ÀND TOFÁRA THA PRESTERA FORBORGEN HÀVE.
THISSA SKILUN WÉSA UT FORSTA BLOD. FON PRESTERUM BLOD
FON SLÁVONUM BLOD ÀND FON FRYA.S BLOD.
THAM SKILUM HJARA FODDIKUM ÀND THÀT LJUCHT BUTA BRINGA
SÁ THAT ALLERA MÀNNALIK WÉRHÉD MÉI SJAN.
HJA SKILUN WÉ HROPA OVERA DÉDA THÉRA PRESTERA ÀND FORSTA.
THA FORSTA THÉR WÉRHÉD MINNA ÀND RJUCHT
THAM SKILUN FON THA PRESTERA WIKA.
When the priests will imagine, however,
that they have entirely extinguished the light of Frya and of Yesus' teachings,
people will rise in all regions,
who have silently treasured truth among each other,
hiding it from the priests.
They will be of royal blood, of priestly blood,
of slaves' blood and of Frya's blood.
They will bring their lamps and the light into the open,
so that everyone may see truth.
They will condemn the deeds of the priests and princes.
The princes who love truth and justice
will separate themselves from the priests.

(the above fragment in the original manuscript:)

 ~ ~ ~

The word TRVTH is also used once:

[101/09] Primal Teachings 2
SEND THÉR SVME THAM HJARA RENKA FRODA ÀNDET BÁR MAKJA
ALSA WRDON HJA THRVCH HJARA RAKKERA FÀT ÀND VMBIRA LASTER VRBARNAD
ELLA MITH FÉLO STÁTSKA PLÉGUM HJARA FALXA DROCHTNE TO.N ÉRE.
MEN IN TRVTH. ALLÉNA THÉRVMBE THÀT HJA.RA NAVT SKÁDA NE SKOLDE.
If there are any who see through their vile tricks and try to expose them,
these are caught by their henchmen and burnt for their defamation —
always with solemn ceremonies, in honour of their false divinities —
but in truth, it is only to protect the priesthood.

SÉLE ~ soul

Cycle of rebirth at Dazu Rock Carvings

soul - English
Seele - German
ziel - Dutch
siel - Afrikaans, Frisian
själ - Swedish
sjel - Norse
sjæl - Danish
sál - Icelandic
Séil - Luxemburghian
sielu - Finnish
siela - Lithuanian

~ ~ ~

[00a/02] Hidde Oera Linda
THISSA BOKA MOT I MITH LIF ÀND SÉLE WÁRJA.
You must preserve these writings with life and soul.

[083/19] Death of Frana
MIN ÁGUN WRDE THJÛSTRED. THA THAT ÔRE LJUCHT DÉGTH VP IN MINARA SÉLE.
My eyes are blurred, but the inner light of my soul emerges...

[084/32] Death of Frana
ÉR SJUGUN ETMELDE OM SEND. SKIL THIN SÉLE MITHA NACHTFÜGLUN TO THA GRÁWA OMMEWÁRA 
ÀND THIN LIK SKIL LEDSA VPPA BODEM FONA SE.
Within one week, your soul shall wander about graves with the night birds, 
and your corpse will lie on the bottom of the sea.

[124/19] Alexander the King
WR.ALDA LÉT SINE SÉLE LÁS
Wralda deserted his soul


[127/13] Demetrius and Friso
VNWILLING.LIK IS THIN LIF BIWLLAD. 
THAT NE SKIL JOW NAVT TO RÉKNED NI WRDE. 
THACH SÁHWERSA JOW JOWE SÉLE BIWLLATH 
SA NE SKIL JOW NIMMERTHE TO WAL.HÁLLA NE KVMA. 
JOW SÉLE SKIL THÀN OVER JRTHA OMME.WÁRA. 
SVNDER A THET LJUCHT SJA TO MVGANDE. 
LIK THA FLÁRA.MUSA ÀND NACHT.ULA SKILSTV ALRA DYSTIK IN THINA HOLA SKULA. 
THES NACHT.IS UTKVMA. THEN VP VSA GRÀVA GRÁJA ÀND HULA. 
THAHWILA FRYA HJRA HAVED FON JOW OFWENDA MOT.
... against your will, your body was defiled. 
That, you are not to blame for. 
But if you defile your soul, 
you will never reach Walhalla. 
Your soul will then wander over the earth 
without being able to see the light. 
Like bats and owls you will hide in your hole by day, 
and come out at night, crying and howling upon our graves, 
while Frya must turn her head away from you.

[140/07] Yesus or Buda
VMBE SIN AJN SÉLE TO BIHALDANE MOST MÀN FÜL ANDA CHERKE JÁN.
... in order to save his own soul, one must offer the temple generously.

[196/06] Askar Prepares for War
JETA SWARTER AS SIN HÉR IS SINE SÉLE FVNDEN.
but his soul was found to be blacker than his hair

~ ~ ~

Possibly related to SÉ (both verb 'see' and noun 'sea'), SÉLE (only used once as plural: 'pillars'; Dutch/German 'zuil'/'Säule') and SÉLICH, SÉLIGHÉD (once: SALICHHÉD).

Westfrisian ancestors

Since much of this project is about ancestors and some readers might wonder about my descent, I will now share some facts about this. First, the spread of my roots from the third generation (2x2x2 = 8 great-grandparents) to the sixth generation (8x8 = 64 gr.-gr.'parents of my 8 gr.-gr.'parents), then the variety of first names.

area of the Netherlands (North-Holland) in maps below

(each red dot represents the place of birth of one ancestor ~ map is of 1894)

genertation III: 8 ancestors birth years range: 1871-1889	generation IV: 16 ancestors birth years range: 1832-1864
generation V: 32 ancestors birth years range: 1786-1833	generation VI: 64 ancestors birth years range: 1750-1812

~ ~ ~

First names in generations VI and VII (birth year range: 1715-1812)

Fathers	freq.		Mothers	freq.
Jan	20		Maritje / Marijtje / Maartje	14
Pieter	12		Antje (8) / Anna (1)	9
Klaas	11		Grietje	8
Cornelis	7		Jantje / Jannetje	7
Dirk	6		Neeltje	7
Jacob	6		Trijntje	7
Ariën (4) / Adrianus (1)	5		Dieuwertje	6
Gerrit	4		Elisabeth / Lijsbeth	6
Simon / Sijmen	3		Aafje	5
Abraham	2		Geertje / Gerritje	5
Aris	2		Guurtje	4
Joris	2		Aaltje	2
Maarten	2		Ariaantje	2
Arend	1		Cornelisje	2
Elias	1		Dirkje	2
Floris	1		Immetje	2
Hendrik	1		Aagje / Agatha	1
Herke	1		Geesje	1
Hermen	1		Hiltje	1
Ide	1		Meinouwtje	1
Matthijs	1		Reinouwtje	1
Nien	1		Sijtje	1
Outjert	1		Vokeltje	1
Reijer	1		Wijntje	1
Rens	1
Sijbrand	1
Willem	1