The 'Daughters of Frya' hoax

Update 14 Nov. '20 For his idiotic website, Steele now uses photo's taken at the outdoor theater play about Oera Linda, summer '19 in Friesland.

— — — — — — — — — — — —

scene from 1936 Olympic fire ceremony, used to promote the hoax

scene from movie The Wicker Man (1973), used to promote the hoax

Years ago, I decided to never give this topic any attention, hoping that some day it would just disappear from the web. However, since it is still used to discredit the Oera Linda-book, I will now present some of the relevant facts.

Exhibit 1. Tresoar director Bert Looper speaks on Frisian television (Omrop Fryslân), Oct. 31, 2018 (video link)

There is even – as Goffe Jensma described in his book –
a sect in Australia, the 'Daughters of Frya':

young women who live by the rules of the Oera Linda-book.
They wear white skirts all year, winter or summer

and all day they have to perform rituals, inspired by the book.
So that is still living. How weird is that.

In his 2004 dissertation De Gemaskerde God, Goffe Jensma referred to a website about a fantasy cult, the "Daughters of Frya". Most ironically, in his efforts to paint the Oera Linda-book as an 'obvious hoax', and people who take it seriously as naive, silly or potentially dangerous, Jensma was fooled himself:

Exhibit 2. De Gemaskerde God (2004), p. 158 (chapter 11: 'some say, it is a bible')

The 'Daughters of Frya' are a group of women living according to the laws of the Oera Linda-book...

Two years later, his Dutch translation was published, with an introduction that is a summary of the dissertation. His fascination for the women in white must have grown, as this summary contained even more information about, and images of them:

Exhibit 3. Het Oera Linda-boek, Facsimile - Transcriptie - Vertaling (2006), pp. 14 and 39 (introduction).

In Australia a successful sect exists...

[they] wear mini-skirts...

Another eight years later, in 2014, Jensma wrote a speech for a befriended professor who retired from the theological faculty. The parting professor, Yme Kuiper, had helped Jensma in the process of getting his doctors thesis about Oera Linda promoted within the theological faculty and therefore, Jensma now chose Oera Linda as the topic of this farewell speech, in particular the 'Daughters of Frya':

Exhibit 4. Het raadsel van de tohnekka (2014)

... that much of the 'brown'[i.e. Nazi] pre-war ideology was happily
redressed into a fresh New Age tunic, marching on after the war.

Translation (JO):

The tohnekka mystery

There are not many people who have had a decisive influence on both my work and my carreer. Yme is one of them. As for my work, I was most inspired by his historical-anthropological perspective and his fascination for elites and their formation. In 1993 he also arranged a place at the Theological Faculty for my PhD research project of the Oera Linda-book. Therefore, this will be the topic of my farewell speech.

The most important lesson I learned from my Oera Linda-book project may be, that even as a scholar in a dossier like this, one becomes part of what I termed the 'illusion of authenticity'. Most debates about the Oera Linda-book concern questions like 'true or false?', 'parody or serious?' and 'joke or crime?' Whatever position is taken in the debate, one becomes part of a strange knot of contradictions and possible reversals, in which all reasoning can unnoticed be turned around. This confusion is an inseparable part of the Oera Linda-dossier itself (perhaps because confusion is an inseparable part of our reality).

A fantastic example of this mechanism are the Daughters of Frya. My research had led me to this sect of young girls in white skirts. Rather than indulging in sex and alcohol, they had dedicated themselves to worship of Frya, the 'folk-mother' of all Frisians, according to the Oera Linda-book. Of course it is bewildering that an obvious mystification can lead to the foundation of such a New Age-like sect, but I mostly laughed. I thought it was very funny how these girls had chosen those white skirts as a uniform dress, because of the quasi-Old Frisian word tohnekka. That word was used for the 'tunics' that would have been worn by those old Frisian folk-mothers and burg-maidens. The word 'tunic' would – by means of a funny and fine folk-etymologly – have been derived from tohnekka: dress to the neck.

Based on what I later found on the internet, I concluded that the sect was based near Sydney. I got further confirmation on an Australian christian site, where a father complained how this sect had alienated his daughter from him. Of course I tried to contact the cult leaders, but as a man they would not have a chance. According to principles of Oera Linda-book, my male breath would immediately have contaminated the sacred fire of this little matriarchal society.

Reports appeared on the web some years later, that the sect itself would also be a parody, just like the Oera Linda-book. The name Tony Steele was mentioned, author of two books about witches. The girls on the photo would actually have been members of a tennis team. This suddenly no longer seemed implausible. In the meantime, all this was erased from the web again.

However, 'true' and 'false' once more alternated, when some years later I managed to get in touch with a certain Minerva. She was a burg-maiden, a daughter of Frya, from Indiana USA. The few e-mails we exchanged and a note on the web (which was later erased) suddenly offered a very different perspective. Minerva explained why the Daughters of Frya had only made themselves known in 2002, shortly after their founder, a certain Jutta Rüdiger (see photo) had died in old age. Originally the Daughters of Frya had been based in Düsseldorf. The group was a continuation of Glaube und Schönheit [faith and beauty], a section of the Hitler-youth for girls aged 17 to 24. In 2008 they had divisions in Germany, America and Australia.

I bought literature about the subject. In one book about Glaube und Schönheit I found this photo [of girls wearing white skirts], which demonstrates the real origin of the tohnekka, I believe. We don't know what the authors of the Oera Linda-book imagined themselves, but the 'tohnekka's' of the Daughters of Frya are white Hitler-youth skirts. That is to say: if all this is really true, because in the reality of the Oera Linda-book, one can never be certain.

This leads to the – preliminary – conclusion, that the tohnekka is a great example of a phenomenon which is often too easily overlooked, namely that much of the 'brown' [i.e. Nazi] pre-war ideology was happily redressed into a fresh New Age tunic, marching on after the war.

Precisely because of these bizarre twists and weird beliefs I have never regretted doing my PhD about the Oera Linda-book. [...]

Dr. Jensma: "... the 'tohnekka's' of the Daughters of Frya are white Hitler-youth skirts."

the deceiver: Tony Steele, alias Adela, Minerva, etc.

the deceived: Goffe Jensma

fragment of current version of Steele's cyber-fantasy

Exhibit 5. Just a few of many similar comments on various forums.

2005: "Steele admitted it was all a hoax a few months ago"

2008: "Tony Steele and his chickies in tennis garb. Makes you wonder if it isn't an obsession of some sort."

"the thing that bothers me the most about this whole nonsense are those poor girls whose pictures he keeps resurrecting"

Why is Jensma – otherwise very suspicious of people who testified in favor of OLB's authenticity (they are confused or liars) – so gullible when it comes to the Daughters of Frya and the alleged reason for Ottema's suicide (which is nothing but shameless speculation).

The answer can easily be guessed. Associating the Oera Linda-book with negative things like suicide and cultism will help keep it out of the realm of popular culture. Cultural institutions like archives, libraries, public media, musea and universities always lack money. In the Netherlands (Friesland included) people who are dependent from tax money funding know (or feel) very well what the grant providers will and will not favor.

=====
added March 18: Newspaper article Leeuwarder Courant (Dutch/ Frisian) 28-12-2018, p. 32 "Hoe Oera Linda een internetfabel schiep" by Richard de Boer

Chronology of Oera Linda

allegory of world history, with chronology, genealogy among others, by Bernard Picart 1720

The following fragments - in order of appearance in manuscript - are relevant for reconstruction of chronology. (More fragments will be added, as well as discussion.)

A. Hidde Oera Linda
[00a/16] NÉI ÁTLAND SVNKEN IS. THÀT THRJA THÛSOND-FJVWER HVNDRED ÀND NJUGON ÀND FJVWERTIGOSTE JÉR.
THAT IS NÉI KERSTEN RÉKNONG THAT TVELF.HVNDRED. SEX ÀND FIFTIGOSTE JÉR.
in the three thousand, four hundred, forty-ninth year after Atland sank.
That is in Christian reckoning the twelve hundred and fifty-sixth year.
(3448 - 1255 - 1* = 2192 BCE): 2192 BCE + 1 + 1255 CE = 3448 a.a.s.
*year 'zero'

B. Liko Ovira Linda
[00b/23] ACHT.HONDRED ÀND THRJU JÈR, NÉI KERSTEN BIGRIP.
year eight hundred and three in Christian understanding.
(1255* - 803 = 452 years before Hidde wrote) * see A (also, see note below)

1a. Council in Confusion
[001/02] THRITTICH JÉR ÀFTERE DÉI THÀT THJU FOLKS MODER VMBROCHT WAS
Thirty years after the day that the folk mother was killed
(588* - 30 = 558 BCE) *see 11b

2a. Vesta, Take up your Stylus
[006/01] THÀT WAS FRYA HIS DÉI 
ÀND TO THÉRE STONDE WAS.T VRLÉDEN SJVGUN WÁRA SJVGUN JÉR. THAT FÀSTA WAS ANSTÀLD AS FOLK.MODER 
NÉI FRYA.S JÉRTA.
It was Frya's Day, 
seven times seven years since Vesta had been ordained as folk mother 
by Frya's desire.
(this fragment seems to rather be mythological than historical - it was added here to demonstrate the use of symbolic numbers: 7 x 7 = 49 years)

7b. How Aldland Sank
[049/25] ÁLDLAND. TRVCH THA STJÛRAR ÁTLAND HÉTEN SVNK NÍTHER
Aldland — or ‘Atland’ as the steersmen say — sank down
(2192 BCE) see A

8a. Magyars and Finns
[050/31] 100 ÀND 1 JÉR NÉI THAT ALD.LAND SVNKEN IS
One hundred and one years after Aldland sank
(2192* - 101 = 2091 BCE) *see A
[note: 101 = prime number]
[052/22] ACHTTANTICH JÉR FORTHER
Eighty years later
(2091 - 80 = 2011 BCE)

9a. The War of Kelta and Minerva
[062/08] 563 JÉR NÉI ALD.LAND SVNKEN IS.
Five hundred and sixty-three years after Aldland sank
(2192* - 563 = 1629 BCE) *see A
[note: 563 = prime number]

9d. Jon and Minerva Resettle
[068/19] 10 JÉR ÀFTER JON WÉI.BRIT WAS
Ten years after Jon had left
(1629* - 10 = 1619 BCE) *see 9a

9e. The Gerdmen Move to Punjab
[074/20] ET LESTE LÁNDON HJA ET PAN'G.AB (...) HÍR SETON HJA HJARA SELVA NITHAR
At last they landed at Punjab (...) Here they settled
(1551 BCE) see 14d

10a. Ulysses’ Quest for a Lamp
[075/08] AN THA JÉRA 1000 ÀND 5 NÉI ÁLDLAND SVNKEN IS
In the year one thousand and five after Aldland sank
(2192* - 1005 = 1187 BCE) *see A
[1005 = 15 x 67]

11a. Denmarks Lost
[079/13] 1600 ÀND 2 JÉR NÉI ALDLAND VRGVNGON IS.
sixteen hundred and two years after Aldland perished.
(2192* - 1602 = 590 BCE) *see A
[note: 1602 = 18 x 89]

11b. Death of Frana/ 11c. Death of the Magus
[082/01] TWA JÉR NÉIDAM KÉM THENE MÁGÍ
Two years later, the magus came
(590* - 2 = 588 BCE) *see 11a

14a. Frederick: Fryasland Swamped
[117/19] THÀT SKÉD 1888 JÉR NÉI THÀT ÁTLÁND SVNKEN WAS.
All this happened 1888 years after Atland sank.
(2192* - 1888 = 304 BCE) *see A
[note: 1888 = 32 x 59] NB This chapter has a detailed internal chronology (month-wise).

14b. Gosa: Expulsion of the Blacks
[117/20] IN 282 JÉR NÉDON WI NÉN ÉRE.MODER NAVT HAT
For 282 years we had not had an honored mother
(304* + 282 = 586** BCE) *see 14a, **compare 11b
[note: 282 = 6 x 47]

14c. A Fleet Arrives
[119/02] TWA JÉR NÉITHAT GOSA MODER WRDE
Two years after Gosa had become mother
(304* - 2 = 302 BCE) *see 14a

14d. Alexander the King
[120/15] NEI THÀT WI 12 MEL 100 ÀND TWIA.12 JÉR BI THA FIF WÉTRUM SÉTEN HÉDE (...) KÉM ALEXANDRE THAM KÉNING
After we had lived at the Five Waters [Punjab] for twelve hundred and twice twelve years (...) Alexander the king came
(1224 + 327* = 1551 BCE) * convential dating of arrival Alexander at Indus

14e. Demetrius and Friso
[Note: various names and events mentioned, known from conventional history: Nearchus, Demetrius, Antigonus, Ptolomeus, etc./ Friso and family also known from Frisian Chronicles]

14f. Northland
[130/23] VNDERA TIDA THAT VS LAND DEL SÉG
While our lands sank
(304 BCE) see 14a

15c. Yesus or Buda of Kashmir
[136/08] 16 WÁRA 100 JÉR LÉDEN IS ÁTLAND SVNKEN. ÀND TO THÉRA TIDUM BÉRADE THÉR AWAT HWÉRVPPA NIMMAN RÉKNED NÉDE.
It was sixteen hundred years since Atland sank, when something happened that no one had expected.
(Literally: ‘16 Times 100 years ago Atland has sunk, and in those times something happened that no one had expected.’ — It would not make sense when this ‘something’ happened when Atland sank, because all dating is relative to the sinking of Atland. It would simply have been: ‘When Atland sank...’.)
(2192* - 1600 = 592 BCE) *see A

= = = = =

Note to B. Liko Ovira Linda
It is remarkable that Liko writes "they want to obliterate all traces of our ancestral heritage" and yet dates his writing by referring to the year in KERSTEN reckoning: 803, rather than using the system 'after Atland sank'. Had the latter system already gotten out of use? In that case, how trustworthy is the key provided by Hidde on page 00a, using both systems (1256th KERSTEN and 3449th ÁTLAND)? If Yesus/Buda is the same as Buddha, than ca. 600 BCE seems to be right. Also, if Friso's fleet arrived ca. 300 BCE, then this corresponds with the conventional dating of Alexander the Great.
On the other hand, there are good arguments for theories in which the first millennium was in fact considerably shorter than 1000 years (at least 300 up to perhaps 700 years). See for example Toronto 2016 lecture by dr. Gunnar Heinsohn* and listen to the 1 hour interview in German of dr. Herbert Illig.

*In a later interview, Heinsohn estimated that the era between the years 600 BCE and 1000 CE actually lasted only ca. 700 years in total.

Bonds of Slavery

source

[033/14] 4c3. Minos: Aewa

MEN O DVMHÉD.	And oh, foolishness!
DÁHWILA WI [15] TO DVANDE SEND EKKORUM TO SKÁDANE	While we are busy damaging each other,
KVMTH.ET NIDIGE FOLK FINDA.S MITH HJARA FALSKA PRESTERUM	the envious Finda people come with their false priests,
JVW HÀWA TO RÁWANDE JVWA TOGHATERA TO SKÀNDANE.	to steal your possessions, defile your daughters,
JVWA SÉDA TO VRDVA ÀND TO THA LESTA	corrupt your morals, and in the end
[20] KLÀPPATH HJA SLÁVONA.BÀNDA OM JAHWELIKES FRYA HALS.	throw the bonds of slavery over every Frya's neck.

[203/04] 19c. Reintia's Dream

BOPPA FRIA.S LANDUM SWABBERT [5] RANP MITH JUK ÀND KÉDNE OMME	‘Disaster hovers over Frya's lands carrying yoke and chains,
THÉRVMBE MOTON ALLE FOLKAR THÉR ÛT FRIA SPROTEN SEND	so all tribes that have sprung from Frya's blood must
HJARA TONÔMA WÉI WERPA	cast aside their nicknames
ÀND HJARA SELVA ALLÉNA FRIA.S BERN JEFTHA FOLK HÉTA.	and only call themselves Frya's children or folk.
FORTH [10] MOTON ALLE VPSTONDA ÀND ET FINDA.S FOLK FON FRIAS ERV DRÍVA.	You must all rise and expel Finda's folk from Frya's domain.(1)
NILLATH HJA THAT NAVT NE DVA	If you do not,
ALSA SKILUN HJA SLÁVONA BENDA VMBE HJARA HALSA KRÉJA.	you shall find slave chains placed around your necks.
ALSA SKILUN THA VRLANDASKA HÉRA HJARA [15] BERN MISBRUKA	The foreign masters will abuse your children
ÀND FYTRA LÉTA TILTHJU THÀT BLOD SÍGATH INNA JOWRE GRÉVA.	and have them lashed until their blood seeps into your graves.
THÀN SKILUN THA SKINNA JOWRE ÉTHLA JO KVMA WEKJA	The spirits of your ancestors will come to wake you up
ÀND JO BIKÍVJA VR JO LEFHÉD ÀND VNDIGERHÉD.	and blame you for your cowardice and carelessness.’

(1) "You must ... your children ..." —lit. "They must ... their children ..."; at JOWRE GRÉVA (your graves) the fragment changes from third into second person.

TOBÀK, TOBEK ~ to-back

Swedish filmposter 'Back to the Future' (crop)

back (to) - English
tilbage - Danish
tilbake - Norse
tillbaka - Swedish
tebek - Frisian
til baka - Icelandic
(terug/zurück - Dutch/German)

note: (noun)
back - English
bak/ hryggur - Icelandic
rug - Dutch, Afrikaans
rêch - Frisian
ryg/ rygg - Danish/ Norse, Swedish
rik - Westflemmish
Rücken - German

also:
backward - English (Dutch: achterwaards/ German: rückwärts/ Icelandic: afturábak/ etc.)
efterbaks/ achterbaks (underhanded, literally 'behind the back') - Frisian/ Dutch

variety and fragment numbers:

TOBEK - 1,12-25 (15x)
TOBÀK  - 2-4,6-7,9-10 (7x)
in combination with:
- KVMA (come): 2-4,7,10,13-15,17-18,23(2x),24-25
- KÉRA (turn): 1,20
- GVNG (go): 6,22
- FÁRA (fare, travel): 12
- DRIWA (drive): 9
- FORA (lead, drive): 16
- LÉD (lead): 21
- WÉRON (were): 19

BÀKWARD - 8,11

ÀFTERBÀKIS - 5

fragment 9

1 [016: page number in original manuscript]
SKILUN JÉRLIKES HVNDRED TOBEK KÉRA

2 [026]
KVMATH HJA TOBÀK

3 [027]
KVMON HJA TOBÀK

4 [030]
KVMTH.ER THÀN TOBÀK

5 [043]
HWA THÉR EN ÔTHER ÀFTERBÀKIS BITIGHATH

6 [044]
THÁ GVNG HI TO.BÀK ÀND KÉRDE WITHER

7 [048]
FOR THAT HJA NAVT TOBÀK KVMA NE SKOLDE

8 [054]
SÁ HI BÀK.WARD SLOCH

9 [054]
HWAT SKOLDE THAT ÉR.RIK FÁRI WÉSA
ASTE THA WILDA WITHER TOBÀK DRIWA KOSTE.
What honor it would be for you 
if you could drive back the savages!

10 [055]
AS WODIN NW TOBÀK KÉM

11 [056]
FÉLO MÁGJARA FLODON MITH HJARA LJVDA BÀKWARD

12 [066]
FOR JON TOBEK

13 [070]
THÁ KÉMON HJA TOBEK

14 [104]
STORNEWIND KÉM TOBEK

15 [117]
THA MÀNNISKA THÉR TOBEK KÉMON

16 [118]
TOBEK FORA NÉI HJRA LÁNDUM

17 [119]
AND FÉLO HÉLÉNJA FOLGAR TOBEK KÉMON

18 [121]
JEF WI NAVT TOBEK KVMA NILDE

19 [121]
THÁ THI ALLE TOBEK WÉRON.

20 [122]
NW WILDER TOBEK KÉRA

21 [125]
LÉD.ER VS TOBEK

22 [131]
ÀFTERNÉI SEN HJA TO BEK GVNGON

23 [146]
ÀFTERNÉI KÉMON WEL FÉLO DÉNE.MARKAR TOBEK [...] AS THA STJÛRAR TOBEK KÉMON

24 [201]
THÁ.ER TOBEK KÉM

25 [205]
RÉINTJA WAS AL TOBEK KVMEN

Moko zokusen taiji no zu (Driving back Mongolian pirate ships) - Japan 1863 (fragment, source)

also see:
A.BEFTA KÉRA (turn back)
OM/ OMME (KÉRA etc.): around, about
WITHER (KÉRA etc.): again, back

Enter is In-treda

According to oldschool etymology, the verb enter is derived from Old French entrer, which can be derived from Latin intrare "to go into, enter". To explain the Latin word, it would make sense to split it as in-trare. However, trare is not a word.

The Latin word can more easily be explained through Germanic languages:

in-treden - Dutch
ein-treten - German
tre-inn - Norse (all: to go into, enter)

Related words in some other languages:
to tread - English
trêdzje - Frisian
träda - Swedish
træde - Danish
tree - Afrikaans
(possibly: τρέχω (to run) - old-Greek)

Two varieties of the word appear in the Oera Linda-book:

verb, 3rd person, past tense
[006/29] WR.ALDA.S OD TRÀD TO RA BINNA.
literally: Wralda's 'od'* treaded into them (or: They received Wralda's 'od' into them)
Dutch: "trad binnen"
(*od: unclear, possibly a word for semen or the male reproductive organ)

noun, plural
[024/28] THÀT HI FON ALLE SIDUM SJVGUN HVNDRED TRÉDUN UT OF SINE HUS MÉI HLAPA
that he can walk seven hundred steps [lit. treads] from all sides out of his house
Dutch: "treden"

Young woman treads into a labyrinth (fragment of Dutch print ca. 1630)

Self-mastery is the Key to Freedom

Lucid Frya!

The first thing she taught her children was self-mastery, 

the second was love of virtue.

And when they grew up,

she made them understand the value of freedom,

for she said:

‘Without freedom, all other virtues

will only help make you into slaves, 

bringing eternal shame upon your ancestry.’

LICHTE FRYA.

THÀT FORMA HWAT HJU HIRA BÀRN LÉRDE WAS SELV.TWANG.
THÀT ÔTHERA WAS LÍAFTE TO DÜGED.

ÀND THÁ HJA JÉROCH WRDON.
THÁ LÉRDE HJU HJAM THJU WÉRTHA FON THA FRYDOM KÀNNA.
HWAND SÉIDE HJU.

SVNDER FRYDOM SEND ALLE ÔTHERA DÜGEDON.
ALLÉNA GOD VMBE JO TO SLÁVONA TO MAKJANDE.
JVWE OFKVMSTE TO ÉVGE SKANTHA.

 ==================================

Sandbach (1876):

 

==================================

SELV.TWANG in other translations:
1872/1876 Ottema: zelfbeheersching (continence, self-control, self-restaint)
1876 Sandbach: self-control
1933 Wirth: Selbstzucht (self-discipline)
1941 Overwijn: (as Ottema)
2006 Jensma: zelfdwang (literal, archaic translation)
2013 Menkens: Selbstbeherrschung (self-control)

Dutch
dwang/ dwingen - coercion/ to force
bedwang/ bedwingen - constrain/ to restrain

German
Zwang/ zwingen - coercion/ to force
bezwingen - to master, overcome, conquer

Frisian
(be)twang/ (be)twinge - meanings as in Dutch

Scandinavian languages
tvång/ tvinga - Swedish
tvang/ tvinge - Danish, Norse
þvingun/ þvinga - Icelandic 

English, related:
thong (Old English þwong, þwang "narrow strip of leather")

==================================

[note: Dutch for addiction is "verslaving" (enslavement)]

(more elucidation will be added later)

Oera Linda paper compared to Arab-Chinese in 1870s

According dr. J.G. Ottema, at least in two occasions the Oera Linda paper was compared and found to be similar to Arab or Chinese medieval paper (the Arabs had learned the art from the Chinese). The scholars who were involved, rev. Lasonder and prof. Land, can be taken seriously. Information about their careers and genealogy is presented below. A reason why dr. Ottema did not draw more attention to these two comparisons could be that the involved scholars asked him to no longer mention them, as the manuscript had already become controversial and was under heavy attack in the national press. Being associated to it could have damaged their careers and social status.

1) "... the similarity of this Arab cotton-paper with that from China"  
(from newspaper article by Ottema "Thet Bok thêra Adela folstar" in Leeuwarder Courant 19-9-1871)

That the manuscript was written on paper that was still made in 13th century Spain, but no longer in the following centuries, is irrefutable. A little sample of such paper may be found in the collection of a rare historian, but otherwise no one can point to anything like it. Similar paper is found in the Emperial Library of Petersburg, in the oldest Chinese documents. This was attested by mr. B. Lasonder, clergyman of Acquoy, who lived in Petersburg and frequented the Emperial Library. When he saw the manuscript in my house, he immediately recognised the similarity of this Arab cotton-paper [i.e. the OLB paper] with that from China.  I further refer the reader regarding this issue to my report about it deliverd to the Frisian Society. The last theory expressed by mr. Colmjon in his postscript, that the manuscript would have been created after the year 1853 is too outrageous to be replied to, and an insult to the owner. Dr. J.G. Ottema

This was rev. Bernard Albertus Lasonder (1841-1919)

In 1866 he wrote his doctors thesis "Specimen litterarium exhibens disquisitionis de linguae Paulinae idiomate tomum", about the language of the Paul gospels. One year earlier in 1865, dr. Ottema had published about the gospels of Matthew and Marc: "De evangeliën van Mattheus en Markus, in hunne oorspronkelijke overeenstemming hersteld". Lasonder was clergyman in Petersburg (?-1868?), in Acquoy near Geldermalsen (1868-1873), and Hengelo (1873-1899). His father was a coleague (rector Latijnse school) of Ottema (and of the same generation). See genealogy below.

2) "... a 12th century Syrian manuscript, on similar paper as that of the Frisian manuscript."
(fragment of letter from dr. Ottema to C. Over de Linden, dated 21-4-1874)

Original: "Daarbij moet ge weten dat Professor Land een Syrisch Handschrift uit de 12e Eeuw vertoond heeft op gelijksoortig papier als dat van het Friesche Handschrift."

Translation:  "You should also know that professor Land has shown a 12th century Syrian manuscript, on similar paper as that of the Frisian manuscript."

This was prof. Jan Pieter Nicolaas Land (1834-1897)

He wrote his dissertation (doctor's thesis) in 1854 (Disputatio de carmine Jacobi, Gen. XLIX) on interpretation of the Old Testament, then did research for the Leiden University Library in the British Museum. In 1859 he became secretary general of the Dutch Bible Society and in 1864 became professor philosophy and Eastern languages at the University of Amsterdam, moving to Leiden Univerity in 1872, where he also became member of the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences (KNAW). Several publications. See wiki. Also see dbnl. and 'levensbericht'.

J.P.N. Land

idem

idem

Axel Louwerens Land 1734-1790

Sara Anker 1738-1810

Egbert Goslings Visser

Eelkjen Sakes

Gerrit Hulsbeek

Catharina Elsebeen Hartog

Carel Fredrik Messer

Adriana Juliana Schermer

Jan Pieter Land 1776-1818

Hieke Egberts (Visser) 1775-1859

Nicolaas Hulsbeek 1756-1807

Catharina Elizabeth Messer 1770-1827

Axel Lourents Land 1806-1841

Catharina Elizabeth Hulsbeek 1810-1881

Jan Pieter Nicolaas Land 1834-1897

Genealogy Land (Dutch):

I) Axel Louwerens Land, geb. 1734 Egersund (Noorwegen), ovl. 15-8-1790 op het eiland Onrust in Oostindie, VOC opperstuurman 1775-1777; schipper 1778-1779 en 1779-1882; kapitein luitenant 1885-1787; kapitein 1788-1790;
geh. 21-1-1763 Amsterdam
Sara Anker, ged. 3-8-1738, ovl. 3-6-1810 Amsterdam, d.v. Adriaan Everts Anker en Antonia Teunisse.
Kinderen, ged. Ev.Luth. Amsterdam:

1. Maria Magdalena, ged. 8-11-1763
2. Louwrens, ged. 27-2-1765
   
3. Sara Johanna Petronella Land, ged. 19-2-1767, ovl. 4-10-1817 Amsterdam; geh. 17-7-1795 Amsterdam Addick Timme, wedr. Anna Wellan
4. Christiaan Land, ged. 8-2-1769, ovl. 1830; geh. 18-5-1798 Amsterdam Charlatta Ulrica Riebe
5. Adrianus, ged. 16-1-1771
6. Jan Pieter Land, ged. 2-6-1776 ==> zie IIa)
7. Gerrit/ Gerardus George Land, ged. 24-6-1778 Buiksloot, ovl. 24-3-1847 Delft, Luthers predikant Purmerend (1812-1819); geh. (1) 26-4-1805 Amsterdam Johanna Catharina Deelwater, ; geh. (2) 29-4-1818 Amsterdam Catharina Elizabeth Messer, geb. 1770 Leiden, ovl. 7-1-1827 Delft, d.v. Carel Fredrik Messer en Adriana Juliana Schermer, wed. Nicolaas Hulsbeek (zie onder IIb)

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IIa) Jan Pieter Land, ged. 2-6-1776 Amsterdam, ovl. 1818, directeur posterijen, burgemeester Dokkum;
geh. 4-11-1798 Dokkum (beide won. Dokkum)
Hieke Egberts (Visser), geb. 1775, ovl. 1859, winkelierse, d.v. Egbert Goslings Visser en Eelkjen Sakes.
Kinderen:

1. Sara Land, geb. 2-9-1799 Dokkum, ovl. 24-4-1829 Dokkum; geh. 7-7-1825 Dokkum Jan Kramer, geb. 1798 Drachten, goud- en zilversmid, z.v. Geert Jans Kramer en Eelkjen Gerbens van Manen, hertr. Eeke Land (zie onder).
2. (Eke, geb. 19-7-1801 Dokkum (ged. 16-8))
3. Eeke Land, geb. 10-9-1803 Dokkum, ovl. 8-4-1842 Dokkum; geh. 2-9-1830 Dokkum Jan Kramer, wedr. Sara Land (zie boven).
   
4. Axel Lourents Land, geb. 7-4-1806 Dokkum (ged. 4-5) ==> III)
5. Martha
6. Egbert Land, geb. 6-5-1811 Dokkum, ovl. 25-7-1894 Baarn, koekbakker; geh. (1) 6-5-1837 Leeuwarden Antje Santee, geb. 1812 Groningen, d.v. Everhardus Mennes Santee en Tjeertje Bloembergen; geh. (2) 1843 Froukje Stuur, 
7. Addick Adrianus Land, geb. 1814, ovl. 26-3-1898 Franeker, notaris; geh. (1) 24-6-1852 Franeker Eleonora Baudina Fontein, geb. 1824 Franeker, ovl. 16-12-1854 Franeker, d.v. Agge Fontein en Catharina Stinstra; geh. (2) 7-6-1860 Franeker Catharina Christina Fontein, geb. 1822, ovl. 27-3-1898 Franeker, d.v. idem
8. Johanna Catharina, geb. 29-2-1816 Dokkum
9. Gosling Land, geb. 7-10-1817 Dokkum, ovl. 21-11-1895 Heerde, goud- en zilversmid; geh. 23-1-1845 Schoterland Antje Haitsma van der Meulen, geb. 1819 Leeuwarden, d.v. Bouwe Ydes van der Meulen en Antje Haitsma

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IIb) Nicolaas Hulsbeek, ged. 29-12-1756 Amsterdam, ovl. 12-9-1807 Amsterdam, z.v. Gerrit Hulsbeek en Catharina Elsebeen Hartog (beide ovl. Amsterdam);
geh. (otr.) 13-4-1810 Amsterdam (get. Maria Hulsbeek, Hendrik Visser)
Catharina Elizabeth Messer/ Visser, geb. 1770 Leiden, ovl. 7-1-1827 Dokkum, d.v. Carel Fredrik Messer en Adriana Juliana Schermer, hertr. 29-4-1818 Amsterdam Gerardus George Land (zie onder I).
Kinderen:

1. Catharina Elizabeth Hulsbeek, geb. 17-10-1810 Amsterdam ==> III)

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III) Axel Lourents Land, z.v. (IIa) Jan Pieter Land en Hyke Egberts Visser, geb. 7-4-1806 Dokkum (ged. 4-5), ovl. 8-4-1841 Leeuwarden, doctor in de genees-, heel- en verloskunde;
geh. 12-11-1830 Delft
Catharina Elizabeth Hulsbeek, d.v. (IIb) Nicolaas Hulsbeek en Catharine Elizabeth Messer, geb. 17-10-1810 Amsterdam (thuis gedoopt 14-11), ovl. 27-8-1881 Leiden, rentenierster.
Kinderen:

1. (Catharina Elizabeth Hieke, geb. 6-3-1832 en ovl. 7-3-1832 Delft)
2. (Theodora Catharina Elisabeth Hike, geb. 1-3-1833 en ovl. 9-7-1833 Delft)
3. Jan Pieter Nicolaas Land, geb. 23-4-1834 Delft ==> zie IV
4. Axel Albertus Land, geb. 1836 Leeuwarden, ovl. 15-3-1881 Utrecht, doctor geneeskunde (proefschrift 1860)
5. Theodora Catharina Elisabeth Hike Land, geb. 20-3-1838 Leeuwarden, ovl. 9-7-1904 Den Haag; geh. 1-8-1864 Meerssen Hendrik Willem Schroeder van der Kolk, geb. 6-2-1836 Utrecht, ovl. 15-7-1867 Deventer, leraar koninklijk atheneum/ hoogleraar, z.v. Jacobus Ludovicus Conravus Schroeder van der Kolk en Geertruid Elisabeth Schröder
6. Nicolaas Karel Frederik Land, geb. 25-5-1840 Leeuwarden, ovl. 20-3-1903 Groningen, advocaat/ hoogleraar; geh. 7-7-1868 Maastricht Emilie Wilhelmina Adrienne Vrijthoff, geb. 1846 Meerssen, ovl. 23-12-1931 Den Haag, d.v. Guillaume Adrien Vrijthoff (raadsheer prov. geregtshof) en Alexandrine Isaace Marie Emilie van der Houven

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IV) Jan Pieter Nicolaas Land, z.v. (III) Axel Lourents Land en Catharina Elizabeth Hulsbeek, geb. 23-4-1834 Delft, ovl. 30-4-1897 Arnhem, hoogleraar lettern;

J.T. Cremer 1793-1869

geh. 7-7-1870 Arnhem  
Wilhelmina Cremer, geb. 1845, ovl. 7-3-1918 Arnhem, d.v. Jacob Theodoor Cremer* en Louise Toewater [*geb. 14-9-1793 Arnhem, ovl. 20-6-1869, controleur van het kadaster en de directe belastingen, wedr. Henriette Johanna Nienhoff]
Kinderen:

1. (Axel Laurens, geb. 1872 Amsterdam en ovl. 28-3-1874 Leiden)
2. Louise Land, geb. 12-2-1874 Leiden ==> V)
3. Hendrik Willem Land, geb. 30-8-1876 Leiden, ovl. 24-12-1943 Maarssen, in 1896 student polytechniek te Delft, ongehuwd en bij overlijden zonder beroep.

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V) Louise Land, geb. 12-2-1874 Leiden, ovl. 27-11-1950 Arnhem;
geh. 24-3-1898 Arnhem  
Friedrich Ludwig Curd Wrede, geb. 1868 Slawno (Polen), bouwkundig ingenieur, z.v. Hermann Wrede (notaris) en Sophie Wilm
Kind:

1. Hermann Kurd Wilhelm Wrede, geb. 1900 Holzminden (Dtsl.), ovl. 31-12-1946 Groningen, arts; geh. Sophia Hannivoort, geb. 22-9-1901 Middelburg, d.v. Hendrik Willem Hannivoort en Juliana Adriani, eerder geh. geweest (1928) Jacques Vanhouten, geoloog.

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Ad 1): genealogy Lasonder (Dutch)

I) Egbert Lasonder, geb. 21-10-1764 Enschede, ovl. 18-7-1828 Enschede, grutter/ brander, z.v. Laurens Lasonder (grutter) en Fenna Margaretha Ottenhof;
geh. (1) 9-8-1789 Haaksbergen
Janna Hartgerink, geb. 20-5-1770 Enschede, ovl. 3-6-1790 Enschede, d.v. Teunis Hartgerink en Hendrica Muller;
geh. (2) 20-4-1791 Gronau
Joanna Pennink, geb. 7-10-1759 Enschede, ovl. 30-3-1830 Hengelo, d.v. Hendrik Pennink en Geziena Bekker [NB haar broer Hendrikus Pennink (1748-1820) was fabrikeur en suppleant vrederegter; geh. (1) Johanna Bussier; geh. (2) Johanna ten Cate].
Kinderen uit (2):

1. Janna Margaretha Lasonder, geb. 1792 Enschede, ovl. 18-7-1847 Kerkwijk; geh. (1) 8-11-1817 Enschede Egbert Heijmerik van Hoeclum, geb. 1792 Elburg, ovl. voor 1841, z.v. Derk Gerrit van Hoeclum en Barta Vos (zie genealogie Vitringa); geh. (2) 8-11-1841 Kerkwijk Hendrik Brouwers, z.v. Jan Brouwers en Gysbarta Pietronella Valkenburgh
2. Hendrik Lasonder, geb. 1794, ovl. 22-12-1817 Enschede, sekretaris der gemeente en direkteur der posterij; geh. 14-9-1813 Enschede Wemmerina Thummius, ovl. 30-5-1828 Enschede, d.v. Joan Theodoor Christiaan Thummius en Alida Susanna Veelouw
   
3. Laurens Lasonder, geb. 13-4-1802 Enschede ==> zie II)

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II) Laurens Lasonder, z.v. (I) Egbert Lasonder en Johanna Pennink, geb. 13-4-1802 Enschede, ovl. 15-4-1879 Groenlo, rector der Latijnse School;
geh. (1) 27-5-1829 Groenlo
Anna Aleijda Abbing, geb. 1806, ovl. 12-2-1834 Groenlo, d.v. Lambertus Hermannus Abbing (predikant) en Isabella Maria Roelvink;
geh. (2) 6-7-1836 Eibergen (NB oudere zus van zijn schoondochter)
Wilhelmina Margaretha Catrina Smits, geb. 1813 Eibergen, ovl 19-7-1888 Groenlo, d.v. Gerrit Smits (vrederegter) en Elizabet Scholten.
Kinderen uit (1):

1. Izabella Maria Johanna Lasonder, geb. 29-3-1830 Groenlo, ovl. 28-1-1852 Groenlo, ongehuwd en zonder beroep.
2. Egbert Heimerik Lasonder, geb. 4-8-1831 Groenlo, ovl. 18-8-1886 Utrecht, predikant Heusden (1854-1855), Loenen (Veluwe 1855-1858), Loenen a/d Vecht (1858-1867), Leeuwarden (1867-1878)/ vanaf 1878 hoogleraar Bijbelse godgeleerdheid a.d. Universiteit van Utrecht; geh. 23-4-1856 Eibergen Anna Aleida Gerharda Smits, geb. 1827, ovl. 30-10-1900 Eibergen, d.v. (!) Gerrit Smits (vrederegter) en Elisabeth Catharina Huijskes
3. (Anna Aleijda, geb. 28-1-1834 en ovl. 2-4-1834 Groenlo)

Uit (2):

4. Gerrit Lasonder, geb. 1-4-1837 Groenlo, ovl. 29-8-1923 Enschede, textielfabrikant; geh. 3-11-1876 Goor Catharina Hemsing, geb. 1843 Kampen, ovl. 13-11-1902 Groenlo, d.v. Willem Hemsing en Florentina Sophia Leenderts
5. Hendrik Lambertus Hermanus Lasonder, geb. 25-12-1839 Groenlo, ovl. 10-4-1905 Groenlo, linnenfabrikant; geh. 17-9-1896 Groenlo Berendina Nicolina Boland, geb. 1846, ovl. 21-5-1928 Groenlo, d.v. Bernard Jan Boland en Johanna Willemina Lindeman
6. Bernard Albertus Lasonder, geb. 18-10-1841 Groenlo, ovl. 9-2-1919 Groenlo, ongehuwd predikant te Petersburg (?-1868?), Acquoy (1868-1873, gem. Geldermalsen, Gelderland), resp. Hengelo (1873-1899, als 2e pred., emeritus).
7. Anna Elisabeth Catharina Aleida Lasonder, geb. 16-1-1844 Groenlo, ovl. 1-8-1917 Groenlo; geh. 6-7-1876 Groenlo Egbert Hermanus Huijskes, geb. 1837, koopman, z.v. Hermanus Gerhardus Huijskes en Frederica Sophia Wilhelmina Huijnink
8. Jan Willem Lasonder, geb. 23-3-1846 Groenlo, leraar/ procureur; geh. 31-5-1878 Rotterdam 'meester' (!) Adriana Maria Francken, geb. 1851 Rotterdam, ovl. 12-3-1879 Middelburg (in het kraambed van een tweeling, waarvan een kind overleed en de ander adjuctcommies Rijksarchief werd), d.v. Walraven Francken (predikant) en Alida Geertruida van Rossem.
9. (Johanna Margaretha, geb. 30-12-1848 en ovl. 10-3-1849 Groenlo)
10. Laurens Willem Lasonder, geb. 8-3-1850 Groenlo, ovl. 28-10-1919 Groenlo, fabrikant; geh. 2-9-1875 Loenen Catharina Elisabeth van Veen, geb. 1847 Loenen, d.v. Johannes van Veen en Kuintje Gijsberta van Veeren
11. Derk Maria Joan Lasonder, geb. 3-1-1853 Groenlo, ovl. 7-8-1917 Groenlo, ontvanger/ inspecteur der registratie en domeinen te Utrecht; geh. 4-9-1880 Groenlo Hester Helena Maria Sophia Hesselink, geb. 1855, ovl. 21-4-1935 Renkum, d.v. Gerrit Hesselink en Helena Maria van Suchtelen

A brother and half-brother of rev. B.A. Lasonder:

prof. E.H. Lasonder 1831-1886

D.M.J. Lasonder 1853-1917