27 June 2018

BLOD ~ blood

still from marriage scene in Hvíti víkingurinn (1991)
blod - Danish, Norse, Swedish
blóð - Icelandic, Faroese
blood - English
bloed - Dutch, Frisian, Afrikaans (pronounced as in German:)
Blut - German

Some of the very different words in other languages:
sanguis - Latin
haema (αίμα) - Greek
veri - Finnish

Various contexts (fragment nrs.):
bloodbath (mass conflict): 1,12,13,18,22,23,25,28,29

Frya's blood (white race): 8,9,15,21,26,27
contaminated (bastard) blood (mixed race): 2,4,15,16,17,27
foreign (Finda or Lyda) blood (yellow and black race): 5,27
blood-tie, genes in general: 19,20,21

other (energy, life force): 3,14
its red colour: 6

SWART BLOD (black blood): 11

BLODSÛGAR (leaches, 'bloodsuckers'): 10
BLOD.THORSTICH (bloodthirsty): 24

BLODICH (bloody): 7

(Illustrating the symbolic significance of blood in the German Reich:)
"German woman!
Keep your blood pure"
"Blood and Soil"
"Alike blood, alike
duty, alike honour"
(idem in the Netherlands:) Fragments of Dutch National anthems (both 1st line): (1) "Wilhelmus", written ca. 1570, Nat. anthem since 1933; (2) "Wien Neêrlands bloed", Nat. Anthem between 1817 and 1933.
(1) "... am I of Dutch/German blood"
(2) "... Dutch blood ... uncontaminated"

Fragments [page/line]:

1 [009/13]  
THA WÀRTH JRTHA FVL BLOD.
ÀND THA HAVEDA THÉR MÀNNISKA MÀJADON THIN BÀRN LIK GÀRS.HÀLMA OF.
Then earth overflowed with blood,
as your children mowed down the heads of people like blades of grass.

2 [012/20]  
THÉR SIN ÀJN FRYDOM VRSELLATH. THAM N.IS NAVT FON JVW FOLK.
HI IS EN HORNING MITH BASTERD BLOD.
(...) who sells his own freedom, he is not of your folk.
He is a product of adultery and has bastard blood.

3 [035/11]  
TILTHJU HJA THAM TO BÉTRE MÜGE FÁTA VMBER SLÁVONA FON TO MÁKJANDE
ÀND HJARA BLOD UT TO SÛGANE. ÉVEN AS VAMPÍRA DVA.
so they can more easily seize and enslave them,
and suck their blood like leeches [lit. 'belly-worms'?].

4 [043/02]  
HWA (...) NIS NÉN FRYA.S. HI IS EN HORNING MITH BASTERDE BLOD.
He (...) is no Frya; he is the product of adultery and has contaminated blood.

5 [043/29]  
THAM WÉRE ALLÉNA WROCHT UT FINDA.S BLOD.
he can only have sprung from Finda's blood.

6 [048/12]  
WARTH ER ÉROST EN B TO FARA HIARA STÀR PRIKED.
THA BANA MITH RÁDE. BLOD. FARVE ÀND THA ÔRA MISDÉDAR MITH BLÀWE FARVE.
a ‘B’ was tattooed on their foreheads first;
murderers with blood-red dye and other criminals with blue dye.

7 [051/30]  
AFSKÉN HJARA FÉRSTA ALGADUR DROV ÀND BLODICH SEND
although their feasts are altogether dreary and bloody

8 [073/23]  
THA THÍRJAR STJÛRAR THÉR JETA FRYA.S BLOD INT LIF HÉDE
the Tyrian steersmen, who still had Frya's blood in their veins

9 [076/13]
FON THISSE KÉNING IS HÍR EN SKRÍVER AFTER BILÉWEN FON RÉN FRYA.S BLOD
From this king a writer of pure Frya's blood remained here

10 [079/07]
BLODSÛGAR POGGA ÀND FENINIGA SNÁKA
leeches [lit. 'bloodsuckers'], toads and poisonous snakes

11 [082/29]
THISSE NAM SIN SWÉRD ÀND HIF THENE FIN THRVCH SINA HOLE.
THÉRUT FLÁT SWART BLOD ÀND THÉRVR SWÉFDE.N BLÁWE LOGHA.
He took his sword and split the Finn's head.
The blood that ran out of it was black and produced a blue flame. [lit. 'from it black blood ran and...']

12 [084/03]
JETA THÛSEND JÉR SKIL THJU SPÉKE THEN DEL NÍGA ÀND AL MARA SÍGA ANDA THJUSTERNESSE
ÀND IN BLOD. OVIR THI UTSTIRTH THRVCH THA LÁGA THÉR FORSTA ÀND PRESTERA.
Another thousand years the spoke shall descend and ever more sink into darkness
and blood, shed over you when princes and priests deceive.

13 [084/16]
THAT BLOD THÉRA ÀRGUM SKIL OVIR THIN LIF STRÁMA
MEN THV NE MÜGTH ET NAVT TO THI NÉMA.
TO THA LESTA SKIL THAT FENINIGE KWIK THÉR VP ÁSA ÀND THÉROF STERVA.
Blood of the villains will flow over you, [O earth,]
but you must not absorb it.
Toxic creatures will drink it and perish.

14 [100/29]
GÍRIGA DROCHTNE FVL NÍD ÀND TORN.
THAM ÉRATH ÀND THJANATH WILLATH WÉSA. THRVCH THA MÀNNISKA.
THÉR BLOD ÀND OFFER WILLA ÀND SKÀT ASKJA.
greedy divinities, full of envy and wrath,
who want to be honoured and served by the people,
who want blood and sacrifice and demand rich offerings.

15 [118/16]
AS RÉK SKIL HJARA BLOD VRFLJUCHTA. TIL ER TO THA LESTA
NAVT OWERS AS FRYA.S BLOD IN HJARA ÀFTERKVMANDE SKIL BILÍWA
their [Lyda's] blood will dissolve like smoke, until eventually
only Frya's blood will remain in their descendants.

16 [125/21]
THIT HÉDE WI DÉN THRVCH ATH.SKIP TOFARA NÉARCHUS.
WAND WI HIM FAR BASTERD BLOD BIKÀNDE
THRVCH SIN FRISKA HUD AND BLÁWA ÁGON MITH WIT HÉR.
We had done this as allies of Nearchus,
since we knew he was partly of our blood (lit. 'bastard/mixed blood'),
having a fair skin, blue eyes and white hair.

17 [131/12]
THÉR WÉRON FON BASTERDE BLODE. THISSA MACHTON BILIWA.
Those of mixed blood were allowed to stay

18 [136/04]
JRTHA HETH HJARA BLOD DRONKEN.
MITH THÀT BLOD FODE HJU FRÜCHDA ÀND NOCHTA ÀND ALLE THAM THÉR OF ÉTON WRDON WIS.
Earth drank their blood.
From that blood she grew fruits and grains and all who ate thereof became wise.

19 [136/16]
VMB SKÔM TO VNKVMA MOSTON HJA HJARA ÀJEN BLOD VNKVMA.
To avoid shame, they had to deny their own blood.

20 [136/31]
MEN HJA NE THVRADON HIM NAVT AVBÉR BIKÀNÁ AS HJARA ÀJNE BLOD.
but they still dared not openly acknowledge him as their own blood.

21 [140/25]
THISSA SKILUN WÉSA UT FORSTA BLOD. FON PRESTERUM BLOD
FON SLÁVONUM BLOD ÀND FON FRYA.S BLOD.
They will be of royal blood, of priestly blood,
of slaves' blood and of Frya's blood.

22 [141/03]
BLOD SKIL STRÁMA. MEN THÉRUT SKILET FOLK NYE KRÀFTA GÁRA.
Blood will flow, but from it the folk will gather new strength.

23 [142/11]
SÁ FÉLO LÉD SKIL HJU BRODA.
THÀT JRTHA.T BLOD ALGÁDVR NAVT DRINKA NE KÀN. FON HJRA VRSLÉJANA BERNUM.
It will breed so much suffering
that earth cannot drink all the blood of her slain children.

24 [157/10]
THÉRFON SEND THA TWISK.LÁNDAR ALSA BLOD.THORSTICH WRDEN
This is how the Twisklanders have become so bloodthirsty.

25 [197/26]
THA GOLA MÉJEATH THEN THA NITHER LÉGA FON HJARA HELPAR AND SALT.ÁTHUM
VPPA VSA FJELDUM SKRÍWA MITH.ET BLOD THÀT ÛT HJARA WNDUM DRJUPTH.
The Gols may then write of the defeats of their helpers and mercenaries
in our fields with the blood that drips from their wounds.

26 [198/21]
THÉR SIT EN SKOTS FOLK. VR.ET MÁRA DÉL ÛT FRYA.S BLOD SPROTEN.
a ‘skots’ or tough folk dwells; mostly of Frya's blood.

27 [199/30]
THA FHONÍSJAR SEND EN BASTRED FOLK.
HJA SEND FON FRYA.S BLOD. ÀND FON FINDA.S BLOD ÀND FON LYDA HIS BLOD.
The Phoenicians are a bastard folk;
a mix of Frya's, Finda's and Lyda's blood.

28 [201/12]
ORLOCH WAS MITH KVMEN ÀND KIRT ÀFTER
FLOJADON STRÁMA BLOD BY THA HELLINGA THÉRA BERGUM DEL.
War had come with him and, before long,
streams of blood flowed down the mountain slopes.


29 [203/04]
BOPPA FRIA.S LANDUM SWABBERT RANP MITH JUK ÀND KÉDNE OMME
THÉRVMBE MOTON ALLE FOLKAR THÉR ÛT FRIA SPROTEN SEND
HJARA TONÔMA WÉI WERPA ÀND HJARA SELVA ALLÉNA FRIA.S BERN JEFTHA FOLK HÉTA.
FORTH MOTON ALLE VPSTONDA ÀND ET FINDA.S FOLK FON FRIAS ERV DRÍVA.
NILLATH HJA THAT NAVT NE DVA ALSA SKILUN HJA SLÁVONA BENDA VMBE HJARA HALSA KRÉJA.
ALSA SKILUN THA VRLANDASKA HÉRA HJARA BERN MISBRUKA ÀND FYTRA LÉTA
TILTHJU THÀT BLOD SÍGATH INNA JOWRE GRÉVA.
THÀN SKILUN THA SKINNA JOWRE ÉTHLA JO KVMA WEKJA ÀND JO BIKÍVJA VR JO LEFHÉD ÀND VNDIGERHÉD.
‘Disaster hovers over Frya's lands carrying yoke and chains,
so all tribes that have sprung from Frya's blood
must cast aside their nicknames and only call themselves Frya's children or folk.
You must all rise and expel Finda's folk from Frya's domain.
If you do not, you shall find slave chains placed around your necks.
The foreign masters will abuse your children and have them lashed
until their blood seeps into your graves.
The spirits of your ancestors will come to wake you up and blame you for your cowardice and carelessness.’

~ ~ ~

Possibly related: BLODE, BLODHÉD (timid, timidity)

[165/28]
THA HINDOS SIND IVIN BLODE ÀND FORFÉRED FROM HJARA FORSTUM (...) 
MÁR FON HJARA BLODHÉD WÀRTH AFGRISLIKA MISBRUK MÁKTH.
The Hindus are just as timid and fearful before their princes (...) 
Their timidity is terribly taken advantage of.

25 June 2018

HÁCH.FÁRANDE, HÁCH.FÁRENHÉD

HÁCH
hege - Frisian
high - English
hoch - German
hoog - Dutch
hög - Swedish
høj - Danish
høy - Norse

FÁRA
fara - Swedish
fahren - German
varen - Dutch
farre - Frisian
'fare' (travel, sail) - English

~ ~ ~

HÁCH.FÁRANDE (fragments 1-2) - haughty, cocky, (too) proud, lit. 'high-faring' (travelling/sailing high)

HÁCH.FÁRENHÉD (fragments 3-4) - haughtiness, cockiness, (excessive) pride, lit. 'high-faringness'

1 [031/15]  
FÉLO SLACHTA FINDA.S SEND SNOD ENOCH.
MEN HJA SEND GÍRICH. HÁCH.FÁRANDE. FALSK. VNKUS ÀND MORT.SJOCHTICH.
Many of Finda’s tribes are clever enough,
but they are greedy, haughty, false, unchaste, and murderous.


2 [053/03]  
KÁT WAS STOLTE ÀND HÁCH.FÁRANDE
THÉRVMBE NE LÉT HJU NÉN RÉD NI FOLLISTAR ANDA MODER NE FRÉJA.
Kate was proud and haughty,
which kept her from asking the mother for advice or assistance.


3 [063/10]  
THENE HÔNA NETH FAR NIMMAN FRJUNDSKIP.
ÀND THRVCH SIN VNTOCHT ÀND HÁCH.FÁRENHÉD.
IS ER VAKEN THENE BÁNA SINRA NÉISTA SIBBA WRDEN.
The rooster, however, has no friendship for anyone,
and his lechery and cockiness
has often made him kill his nearest relatives.



4 [100/13]  
HJARA FALXE RÉDNE ÀND HJARA TÀMLÁSE HÁCH.FAREN.HÉD
HETH RA VPPEN DWÁLWÉI BROCHT.
their false reasoning and ungovernable pride
have caused them to stray from the righteous path.


~ ~ ~
More or less synonymous: OVIRMODICHHÉD

[124/20]  
THÉRVMBE VRDRONK.ER INNA WIN ÀND IN SINA OVIRMODICHHÉD.
in his arrogance, he drowned himself in wine
(lit.: ‘therefore, he drowned in wine and in his overconfidence)

18 June 2018

Index of personal names

(including mythological names)

For introduction and explanation, see previous post.
For chapter and paragraph division see here.

translation original chapter/ paragraph
Abelo ÁBÉLO 1c
Adel ADEL 16b3c/ 17/ 19a
Adelbrost ADELBROST 12/ 13ab2
Adelheart ADELHIRT 13a
Alexander ALEXANDRE/ -ER 14d1
Alrik ÁLRIK 19f
Antigonus ANTIGONUS 14d2
Apol ÁPOL 1bc/ 12/ 13ab1/ 16b1
Apollonia APOLLÁNJA 13ae1-2/ 15a/ 16b3
Askar (also: Black Adel) ÁSKAR 19abcdef
Atharik ÁTHARIK 16b3
Bede BÉDEN 17
Bertholda BERTHHOLDA 16b3
Black Adel (also: Askar) SWARTE ADEL 19a
Bouda (also: Yesus, Fo, Krisen) BÛDA 15b2
Bruno BRUN(N)O 13b1/ 16b2
Calyp KÁLIP 10a
Cecrops SÉKROPS 9c/ 10b
Conrad KONERÉD 15a/ 16a/ 17
Cornelia KORN(H)ÉLJA 16b1
Dela DELA A/ 7b/ 8b2-3/ 14a/ 15b2
Demetrius (nicknamed ‘Besieger of Cities’) DEMÉTRIUS 14d2
Diana THJANJA 14f
Diwek DÍWEK 1c
Dunerose DUNRÔS 1c
Enoch ENOCH 1c
Finda FINDA see geography list
Fo (also: Yesus, Krisen, Bouda) 15b2
Foppo FOPPO 1c
Frana FRÁNA 11b/ 15ac
Frederick FRÉTHORIK 14af/ 15a/ 16a
Frethogunsta FRÉTHOGUNSTA 19d
Friso FRISO 14cd2/ 16b1-2-3c/ 18/ 19a
Frulik FRULIK 15a
Frya FRYA see geography list
Gerda GÉRT 9c
Godfreyath GODFRÉJATH 6
Gosa (surnamed ‘Makonta’) GOSA (MAKONTA) 14bc/ 15ad/ 16b1-3c
Heahgan HÁCHGÁNA 15a/ 17
Helena (also: Nyhellenia) HELLÉNJA 4d/ 9c/ 14f/ 15ab1-2
Helprik HELPRIK 9a2
Hetto HETTO 16b1
Hidde HIDDE A
Ifkja JFKJA 16b3c
Inka INKA 8b1-2
Jon/Jôn/John/Jan J(H)ON/ JÁN 9a2b
Kate/ Katherine, KÁT(ERINNE) 8ab1/ 10a
Kauch/ Kaep KÁVCH/ KÁP 16b1
Kelta KÀLTA 9a1-2-3b/ 19b
Koneread – see Conrad

Krisen (also: Yesus, Fo, Bouda) KRISEN 15b2
Liko LIKO B
Liudgerd LJÛDGÉRT 12/ 14d1/ 16d
Lyda LYDA see geography list
Makonta – see Gosa

Medea MÉDÉA 14f
Minerva MINERVA 4d/ 9a1-2bc
Minna MINNA 8a
Minos MINNO 4ac1de
Nearchus NÉARCHUS 14d1-2
Nef-Tunis – see Tunis

Nocht NOCHT 15a
Nyhellenia (also: Helena) NYHELLÉNJA 4d/ 9a1c
Oera Linda OERA/ OVIRA/ OVERA LINDA A/ B/ 13a/ 14a
Okke OKKE A
Ovira/ Overa Linda – see Oera Linda

Pier PIRE 9c
Prontlik PRONTLIK 19de
Ptolemy PTHOLEMÉUS 14d2
Reintia RÉINTJA 19cdf
Rika RIKA 18
Rosemouth/ -mond RÔSAMVDA/ -MOND 9a12
Siuchtheart SJUCHTHIRTE 16b1
Sterik STERIK 8b1
Storo STORO 1c
Suobene SVÔBENE 16b3
Sweetheart SWÉTHIRTE 16b3
Syrhed SÍRHÉD 9a1a2
Sytia SYTJA 1c
Thyr- – see Tyr-

Tonia TÜNTJA 1b/ 13b1/ 15c
Traest TRÁST 13d
Tunis/ Nef-Tunis (NÉF) TÜNIS 8b1-2-3/ 9b
Tutia TUTJA 8b2
Týr THÍR 8b3 (also see geography list)
Ulysses ÛLYSUS 10a
Vesta FÀSTA 2ad/ 2e1-2/ 4d/ 6/ 13d/ 14f/ 16d
Weamod WÉMOD 16b1
Wichard WICHHIRTE 14cd1-2/ 16b1
Wilfrid WILFRÉTHE 16b1
Wilhim WILHIM 16b1
Wilyo WILJO(W) 15a/ 16a
Witto WITTO 16b1
Wodin WODIN 8b1/ 11a/ 19f
Yaltia JALTJA 1c
Yesus (also: Fo, Krisen, Bouda) JESUS 15b2

Index of geographical-, burg- and tribal names

The greatest dilemma in translating the Oera Linda-book is how to deal with personal and geographical names. Sometimes it seems better to keep the original spelling, while at other times a more well known, modern spelling is more appropriate. Sometimes a name can be literally translated, as it is actually (also) a description. For these reasons, the following lists (personal names index in next blog post) are not to be considered absolute, complete or final. They may still be helpful though.

For chapter and paragraph division see here.

Note: in original spelling column, no distinction was made between A, Á, À / E, É / I, Í, J, Y and V, U, Û, Ü. Also, separating dots were left out.

translation original chapter/ paragraph
Adelings/ Adela Followers ADELLINGA/ ÁDELA FOL(LI)STAR 1a/ 13ac1/ 16b3c
Aken AKEN 1c/ 16b3
Alderga ALDE(R)GÁ 8ab1/ 9a2/ 11c/ 13e2/ 14ac/ 16b1-3
Aldergamouth – see Alderga

Aldland/ Atland ALDLAND/ ÁTLAND A/ 3c1/ 7b/ 8ab2-3/ 9a1/ 10a/ 11ab/ 14a/ 15b2
Alkmarum AL(I)KMÁRUM 13e2/ 14a
Allemanna ALLEMANNA 19f
Almanland ALMAN(A)LAND 4c1/ 8b3/ 10a
Angelara ANGELARA 7a
Athena ATHENJA 4e/ 9bc/ 10ab/ 14d1-2
Atland – see Aldland

Attica ATTIKA 9b
Balda/ Baltic Sea BALDA SÉ 16b1/ 19ce
Beachcombers – see Jutters

Britannia BRIT(T)ANJA 7a/ 8c/ 9a1-2-3/ 14d2/ 19be
Brokmen BROKMANNA 14f
Buda BVDA 1c
Coast-dwellers – see Kaedhomer

Creil Woods KRÍL(INGER) WALD 11c/ 19d
Crete/ Cretans KRÉTA// KRÉTAR 4c1e
Denmarks (or: low marks)/ Danes DEN(N)E/-A MARKA/ -UM// DÉNE/-A MARKAR 7a/ 8ab1-2/ 9a1/ 11abc/ 14ae/ 16b1-3/ 19cd
Distant-Greeklands – see Greeklands

Dokhem DOKHÉM 12
Druids – see Trowids

Ealands – see Sealands

Eamouth ÉMVDE/ -A 8b1/ 14c
East Fleeland – also see (West/ Southern) Fleeland(s) ÁSTFLÍLÁND 1c/ 8ab1
East Sea ASTER SÉ 7a
East-Skeanlanders ÁST SKÉNLANDAR 16c
Egmuda EGMVDA 19f
Egypt/ Egyptian(s) ÉGIPTALAND(-UM/-A/-E)// ÉGIPTISKA// ÉGIPTALANDAR 8ab2/ 9c/ 10b/ 14d2
Euphrates ÉUPHRAT 14d1
Finda/ Finda's Folk FINDA (LAND/ FOLK/ SLACHTA) 2bc2d/ 3c1/ 4c2-3e/ 5a2b2/ 6/ 7ab/ 8ab2/ 9b/ 13c2e2/ 15b2/ 16b3cd/ 19bc
Findasland FINDASLAND 8b3/ 15b2
Finns FINNA/ -UM (sing. FIN) 1b/ 6/ 8ab1-3/ 11abc/ 14f
Five Waters – see Punjab

Flee FLÍ 4e/ 13e2/ 16b1/ 19e
Flee Lake FLÍMAR(E) 8b3/ 9a1-2b/ 11c/ 14ac/ 16b2
Fleeburg FLÍBURCH 9a1-2
Fleeland – also see West, East and Southern Fleeland(s) FLÍLÁND 2c3/ 8b2
Fleemouth – see (mouth of the) Flee

Forana FORÁNA 1c/ 13e2/ 14b/ 19f
Franks FRANKA 16b3/ 19f (also see 19c)
Frees (or Franks) FRÍA 16b3
Frya(s)/ Frya's Folk etc. FRYA(S) (FOLK/ BERN/ BÀRN) B/ 1b/ 2abc2-3de1-2/ 3abc1-2-3/ 4bc1-2-3d/ 5a2b1-2c/ 6/ 8ab1/ 9a1-3bc/ 10ab/ 11abc/ 13b1-3c1-2de2/ 14abd1-2ef/ 15b1-2c/ 16ab1-2-3c/ 18/ 19abcdf
Fryasburg (incl. Old-/ New-) (ALD/ NY) FRYAS BURCH 1c/ 2a/ 8b3/ 10a/ 12/ 13e1-2/ 14a/ 16c
Fryasland FRYAS LAND/ LÔND 13b1/ 14ad1-2/ 16d
Gadir – see Kaedik

Ganges GONGGA 14d1/ 16d
Gedrosians (Gedrostne) GEDROSTNE 16d
Gerdmania/ Gerdman/ -men – also see New Gerdmania GÉRTMAN(N)JA// GÉRTMAN(N)(A) 9c/ 14cf/ 16b1-3d
Godaburg GODA (HIS) BURCH 8a/ 13b1
Gols GOLA/ -UM/ GVLUM 8c/ 9a1-3b/ 12/ 16b1-2c/ 19abcf
Gols' followers – see Gols

Greanega GRÉNEGÁ 12/ 19de
Greeklands/ Greeks (sometimes distinguished ‘near’and ‘distant’) KRÉKA/-E LANDA/ -UM// KRÉKALANDER/ -AR 4d/ 7a/ 8b3/ 9b/ 10ab/ 13e2/ 14cd1-2f/ 16b1/ 19b
Hals HALS 19cd
Helena followers HÉL(L)ÉN(J)A FOLGAR 14c/ 16c
Hellingers (Hellenes) HELLINGGAR 9b
Highmarks HÁGA MARKA 7a
Himalaya HIM(M)ELLÀJA 16d
Hindus HINDOS 16d
Holt-dwellers (in “Holt or Wood-dwellers”) HOLTSÁTA 7a
Ionians – see Jon's Islands

Ira ÍRA 16d
Jon's (Ionian) Islands J(H)ON HIS ÉLANDA/ -UM// JO(H)NJAR 9b/ 10a/ 14cd1-2f
Jutterland/ Jutters JUTTAR LÁND/ JUTTAR 7a/ 16b1/ 19de
Kaedhomer (coast-dwellers) KÁDHÉMAR 7a
Kaedik/ Gadir KÁDIK 8b2
Kashmir KASAMÍR 15b2
Kate's Gate KÁT (HI)S GAT 8b1/ 16b1
Katsburg KÁTS/ KATTA BURCH 1c/ 16b1-2
Kearenek (Kearenherne) KÉRENÀK (-HERNE) 9a3/ 19b
Kelta's Burg KÀLTAS BURCH 9a3
Keltic lands KÀLTANAR LANDUM 16b1
Kelts/ Kelta followers KÀLT(AN)A FOLGAR 9a3/ 16b1c/ 19b
Krékalanda – see Greeklands

Lake-dwellers/ Marsata MÁRSÁTA 7a/ 13e2/ 16b3
Land-dwellers LÁNDSÁTON 7a
Lets/ lefts LÉTNE 7a/ 16b1
Lindaheim LINDAHÉM 1c/ 4c1/ 16a
Lindasburg/ Lindasnose LINDAS BURCH/ NÔSE 13a/ 14e/ 16b1
Lindashores LINDA WRDA 1c/ 4c1/ 12/ 14a/ 16a
Lindasnose – see Lindasburg

Lindawards – see Lindashores

Lindawood LINDA WALD 13b2e1
Lithauers (Lithuanians) HLIT(H)HÁWAR 19cf
Liudburg LJVDBURCH 1c
Liudgarda LJVDGÁRDA/ -GÁRDNE 1c/ 13e1/ 14a/ 16a
Liudwerd LJUDWERD(E)/ -WARDJA/ LJUWERT/ -WRD A/ B/ 14a/ 16a/ 19d
Low Marks – see Denmarks

Lumkamakia LUMKAMÁKIA 8b1
Lyda/ Lyda's Folk LYDA(S FOLK/ BERN) 2bc1-2d/ 4c2/ 13e2/ 14b/ 15b2/ 16c/ 19b
Lydasburg LYDA ((HI)S) BURCH 13e2/ 14ab/ 16b3
Lydasland/ Lydia LYDA HIS LAND/ LYDJA 7a/ 8b3/ 9b
Magyars MAGÍARA/ -UM 1b/ 8ab1-3/ 9a1/ 13b2/ 16b1c/ 19cdf
Mannagardaforda/ Mannagardawaerda MANNAGARDAFORDA/ -WRDA 1c/ 13e2/ 16b2
Marsata – see Lake-dwellers

Massilia – see Missellia

Medea-mei-lakkia MÉDÉA MÉI LAKKIA 11c
Medeasblik MÉDÉAS BLIK 1bc/ 2a/ 8a/ 11c/ 15c
Middle Sea MIDDEL SÉ 7a/ 8b2-3c/ 9a3b/ 14d1/ 19be
Missellia (Massilia) MISSELLJA 8c/ 9a3/ 19b
Near-Greeklands – see Greeklands

Nef-Tunia NÉFTÜNJA 8b3
New Fryasburg – see Fryasburg

New Gerdmania – also see Gerdmania NY GÉRTMANJA 14d1
Northland/ Northmen – also see Skeanland(ers) NORTHLÁND// NORTHLJUD 14e
Old Fryasburg – see Fryasburg

Oryetten (Oritae) ORJETTEN 16d
Over-Scheldt/ the other side of the Scheldt – see Scheldt

Palmland PALMLAND 8c
Pang-ab – see Punjab

Phoenicia FH-/ PHONISJA 8c/ 19be
Phoenician coast PHONISIVS/ PHONISI HIS KÁD 8b3/ 14d1
Phoenician(s) F(H)-/ PHONISJAR 13b3/ 14d1-2/ 16a1/ 19b
Pirates' Islands RÁWER ÉLANDA 9b
Punjab (or: Five Waters) PANGAB (FIF WÉTRUM) 9c/ 14d1/ 16d
Red Sea RÁDE SÉ 9c/ 14d1
Rhine/ Rhine dwellers (H)RÉNE/-UM/-A// RÉNHÉMAR 7a/ 9a1/ 13b2de2/ 16b3/ 19cf
Rhodes HRODUS 14d2
Rome ROME 19b
Salamis SALÁMES 14d2
Sandfal SANDFAL 7a/ 9a1
Saxonmarks/ Saxman/ -men SAX(S)(A)N(N)A(R) MARKA/ -UM// SAX(ANA) MAN/-((N)A) 1c/ 7a/ 12/ 13b2e2/ 14ab/ 15a/ 16b1-2-3/ 19bcef
Scheldt SKELDA 7a/ 9a1-2/ 12/ 19acf
Seakampar (sea warriors) SÉKÀMPAR 7a/ 14e
Sealands/ Sealander(s) SÉLANDUM/ ÉLANDUM// SÉLANDAR 16b1
Seine SÉJENE 9a3/ 19e
Seven Islands SJVGON/-UN É-/ÀLANDA 1c/ 9a1/ 14c
Sidon SÍDON 8b3c
Skeanland/ Skeanlanders – also see Northland/ Northmen SKÉNLAND// SKÉNLANDAR/ -ER 8ab1/ 11a/ 13ab1e2/ 14e/ 16a1c/ 19e
Skelda – see Scheldt

Skots (tough) folk SKOTS(-E/-A) (FOLK) 19bf
Slavs (or slaves) SLÁVONA 19a
Southern Fleelands – also see (East/ West) Fleeland SÛDAR FLÍLÁNDA 1c
Staveren/ Stavia STÁV(E)RE(N)/ -ORA/ STÁVJA 1c/ 2ab2/ 8b2/ 11c/ 13de2/ 14bc/ 16b1-2-3/ 18/ 19acdf
Suobaland SVÔBALÁND 16b3
Swetsar (neighbors) SWETSAR 13e2
Tartars TARTARUM/ -A 16b3/ 19ac
Texland TEXLÁND 1c/ 2ac3/ 3a/ 4d/ 8a/ 9b/ 10a/ 11b/ 13b1e1/ 14abe/ 15a/ 16b1-3c/ 19ad
Thioth's Sons THJOTH HIS SVNA 19f
Toletmark TOLÉTMARK 8b3
Treasureburg WARABURCH 1c/ 6/ 8ab2/ 13e2
Trowids (Druids)/ Trowends (AN A) TROW (E)WÍD(EN)A/ TRJVWENDNE 8c/ 12
Troy TROJA/ -E 10a/ 19b
Twiskland(s)/ Twisk(land)ers TWISKLÁND(A)// TWISK(LÁND)AR 7ab/ 8a/ 13b1e2/ 15b1/ 16b3/ 18/ 19cf
Tyre/ Tyr's Burg/ Tyrians THÍR (H)IS (BURCH)// THÍRJAR 6/ 8b3/ 9a3bc/ 14d1
Upsalands VPSALÁNDUM 1b
Walhallagara WALHALLAGÁRA 1c/ 9a1/ 10a/ 14c/ 16b3
Weser WRSARA 1ab/ 12/ 13b1
West Fleeland – also see (East/ Southern) Fleeland(s) WEST FLÍLÁND 1c/ 8b3/ 14ab/ 16b3
Westland WESTLAND 7a
Wieringen WÍRINGGA 4c1/ 8b3
Wood-dwellers WODSÁTA 7a
Wralda's Sea WRALDAS SÉ 7a